50 bài tập Cụm phân từ có đáp án

Bài tập Cụm phân từ có đáp án

I. Lý thuyết cách làm Cụm phân từ

1. Cụm phân từ là gì?

- Participle phrase là gì? Cụm phân từ là một nhóm từ bắt đầu bằng một phân từ (phân từ hiện tại (V-ing) hoặc một phân từ quá khứ), theo sau là tân ngữ và/hoặc các từ bổ nghĩa.

- Người ta sử dụng cụm phân từ khi muốn rút gọn mệnh đề, làm cho câu văn dài trở nên ngắn gọn hơn. Participle phrase luôn đóng vai trò là tính từ.

Ví dụ:

The girl who is driving the car is my sister.

→ The girl driving the car is my sister.

(Cô gái đang lái chiếc xe kia là em gái tôi)

The concert which was given by Adele was a great success.

→ The concert given by Adele was a great success.

(Buổi hoà nhạc do Adele trình diễn đã thành công tốt đẹp)

Chúng ta chỉ được dùng cụm phân từ khi chủ ngữ của hai mệnh đề trong cùng một câu giống nhau.

2. Vị trí cụm phân từ

- Nằm đầu câu hoặc cuối câu

Ví dụ:

Walking all day long, she felt tired.

(Đi cả ngày trời, cô ta thấy mệt mỏi)

The man standing over there is working for Google.

(Người đàn ông đang đứng ở kia làm việc cho Google)

- Đứng đầu, giữa, cuối câu

Ví dụ:

Singing a new song, the girl walked into her house.

The girl, singing a new song, walked into her house.

The girl walked into her house, singing a new song.

(Cô gái vừa đi vừa hát)

3. Các loại cụm phân từ

a. Cụm phân từ hiện tại (Present participle phrases):

- Cụm phân từ hiện tại bắt đầu bằng một hiện tại phân từ (V-ing).

Ví dụ: Turning toward the class, the teacher asked for silence.

(Cô giáo quay lại yêu cầu cả lớp im lặng)

- Cụm hiện tại phân từ rất dễ bị lộn với cụm danh động từ. Xem thêm sự khác biệt giữa cụm phân từ và cụm danh động từ tại đây.

b. Cụm phân từ quá khứ (Past participle phrases):

- Cụm phân từ quá khứ bắt đầu bằng một quá khứ phân từ (V3/-ed).

- Vị trí của cụm từ này trong câu không tùy thuộc vào thời gian mà tùy thuộc vào chủ ngữ của cụm phân từ. Cụm phân từ này nên được đặt gần chủ ngữ của nó.

Ví dụ: The little boy, driven by hunger, stole a piece of bread.

(Cậu bé, vì quá đói, đã lấy cắp một mẫu bánh mì)

► Lưu ý: Chúng ta dùng cụm phân từ hiện tại khi chủ ngữ của cụm từ làm chủ hành động (mang nghĩa chủ động) và dùng cụm phân từ quá khứ khi chủ ngữ của cụm từ nhận hoặc chịu tác động do người hoặc vật khác gây nên (mang nghĩa bị động).

c. Cụm phân từ hoàn thành (Perfect participle phrases):

- Cụm phân từ hoàn thành bắt đầu bằng having + V3/-ed.

- Cụm từ này được dùng khi cần nhấn mạnh rằng hành động thứ nhất đã hoàn tất trước khi hành động thứ hai bắt đầu.

Ví dụ: Having done my homework, I went to bed.

(Làm xong bài tập, tôi đi ngủ)

4. Chức năng của cụm phân từ

- Cụm phân từ được dùng tương đương với một mệnh đề tính từ, có chức năng bổ nghĩa cho danh từ hoặc đại từ.

Ví dụ:

The girl who is sitting over there is my friend.

→ The girl sitting over there is my friend.

(Cô gái ngồi ở kia là bạn của tôi)

- Cụm từ này được dùng tương dương với một mệnh đề trạng ngữ, được dùng để thay thế cho:

a. Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian:

Ví dụ:

While I was walking along the country road, I saw a big bird.

→ Walking along the country road, I saw a big black cat.

(Đang đi bộ trên đường làng, tôi bắt gặp một con mèo đen bự)

b. Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ nguyên nhân:

Ví dụ:

Because he saw that it was raining, he put on his raincoat.

→ Seeing that it was raining, he put on his raincoat.

(Thấy trời đang mưa, nó mặc áo mưa vào)

c. Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ sự tương phản:

Ví dụ:

Although he possessed doctoral degree, he was not really successful.

→ Possessing doctoral degree, he was not really sucessful.

(Dù có bằng tiến sĩ, nhưng anh ta không thật sự thành công)

d. Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ điều kiện:

Ví dụ:If you follow my advice, you will gain your object.

→ Following my advice, you will gain your object.

(Nếu làm theo lời tôi, cô sẽ đạt được mục đích của mình)

II. Bài tập Cụm phân từ

Ex 1.

1. _____their work, they went home.

a. Finishing

b. Having finished

c. Had finished

d. Finished

2. The girl_____ behind you is naughty.

a. stands

b. stood

c. is standing

d. standing

3. _____ their farm work, the farmers returned home.

a. Finishing

b. Finish

c. Having finished

d. Being finished

4. _____by the visitor, the clavichord could not be used.

a. Broken

b. Break

c. Breaking

d. Broke

5. After_____ dinner, I watches television.

a. eat

b. eating

c. eaten

d. ate

6. When_____ in international trade, letters of credit are convenient.

a. used

b. are used

c. using

d. they used

7. She swam to the shore_____ the night in the water.

a. having pent

b. having spending

c. when spending

d. had spent

8. I believe here is somebody_____ on the door.

a. to knock

b. knock

c. knocked

d. knocking

9. The lady_____ in blue is her aunt.

a. dressed

b. dressing

c. is dressing

d. in dress

10. _____ from what you say, you are innocent.

a. To judge

b. Judging

c. Judge

d. To be judged

11. _____ you to the job, he felt calm.

a. Appointed

b. Appoint

c. Having appointed

d. To appoint

12. _____ so much, the doll is still on the shelf.

a. Cost

b. Costs

c. To cost

d. Costing

13. _____ at by everyone, he was disappointed.

a. laughed

b. Laugh

c. Laughing

d. In laugh

14. _____ anxious to please us, they told us all we wanted to know.

a. Be

b. To be

c. Being

d. In being

15. Weather_____, we will start tomorrow.

a. permits

b. will permit

c. is permitting

d. permitting

16. Dinner_____ over, they returned home.

a. being

b. be

c. is

d. was

17. Since_____ his new business, Bob has been working 16 hours a day.

a. open

b. opening

c. opened

d. of opening

18. After _____the fight, the police arrested two men and a woman.

a. stopping

b. stop

c. to stop

d. stopped

19. ____ one hand on the steering wheel, Ann opened a can of soda pop with her free hand.

a. To keep

b. Keep

c. In keeping

d. Keeping

20. When _____ to explain his mistake, the new employee cleared his throat nervously.

a. asking

b. asked

c. to be asked

d. to be asking

Đáp án:

Ex 2. Choose the correct word

1. I was disappointing/disappointed with the film. I had expected it to be better. (disappointed is correct)

2. Are you interesting/interested in football?

3. The football match was very exciting/excited. I enjoyed it.

4. It's sometimes embarrassing/embarrassed when you have to ask people for money.

5. Do you easily get embarrassing/embarrassed?

6. I had never expected to get the job. I was really amazing/amazed when I was offered ot.

7. She has really learnt very fast. She has made astonishing/astonished progress.

8. I didn't find the situation funny. I was not amusing/amused.

9. It was a really terrifying/terrified experience. Afterwards everybody was very shocking/shocked.

10. Why do you always look so boring/bored? Is your life really so boring/bored?

11. He's one of the most boring/bored people I've ever met. He never stops talking and he never says anything interesting/interested.

Đáp án:

2. interested

3. exciting

4. embarrassing

5. embarrassed

6. amazed

7. astonishing

8. amused

9. terrifying .... shocked

10. bored .... boring

11. boring .... interesting

Ex 3. Complete each sentence using a word from the box

1. He works very hard. It's not surprising that he's always tired.

2. I've got nothing to do. I'm .... .

3. The teacher's explanation was .... . Most of the students didn't understand it.

4. The kitchen hadn't been cleaned for ages. It was really .... .

5. I seldom visit are galleries. I'm not particularly .... in art.

6. There's no need to get .... just because I'm a few minutes late.

7. The lecture was .... I fell asleep.

8. I've been working very hard all day and now I'm .... .

9. I'm starting a new job next week. I'm very .... about it.

10. Steve is very good at telling funny stories. He can be very .... .

11. Liz is a very .... person. She know a lot, she's travelled a lot and she's done lots of different things.

Đáp án:

2. bored

3. confusing

4. disgusting

5. interested

6. annoyed

7. boring

8. exhausted

9. excited

10. amusing

11. interesting

Ex 4. Chọn đáp án đúng

1. _____their work, they went home.

a. Finishing

b. Having finished

c. Had finished

d. Finished

2. The girl_____ behind you is naughty.

a. stands

b. stood

c. is standing

d. standing

3. _____ their farm work, the farmers returned home.

a. Finishing

b. Finish

c. Having finished

d. Being finished

4. _____by the visitor, the clavichord could not be used.

a. Broken

b. Break

c. Breaking

d. Broke

5. After_____ dinner, I watches television.

a. eat

b. eating

c. eaten

d. ate

Đáp án:

Ex 5. Chọn đáp án đúng

1. _____ you to the job, he felt calm.

a. Appointed

b. Appoint

c. Having appointed

d. To appoint

2. _____ so much, the doll is still on the shelf.

a. Cost

b. Costs

c. To cost

d. Costing

3. _____ at by everyone, he was disappointed.

a. laughed

b. Laugh

c. Laughing

d. In laugh

4. _____ anxious to please us, they told us all we wanted to know.

a. Be

b. To be

c. Being

d. In being

5. Weather_____, we will start tomorrow.

a. permits

b. will permit

c. is permitting

d. permitting

6. Dinner_____ over, they returned home.

a. being

b. be

c. is

d. was

7. Since_____ his new business, Bob has been working 16 hours a day.

a. open

b. opening

c. opened

d. of opening

8. After _____the fight, the police arrested two men and a woman.

a. stopping

b. stop

c. to stop

d. stopped

9. ____ one hand on the steering wheel, Ann opened a can of soda pop with her free hand.

a. To keep

b. Keep

c. In keeping

d. Keeping

10. When ____ to explain his mistake, the new employee cleared his throat nervously.

a. asking

b. asked

c. to be asked

d. to be asking

Đáp án:

Ex 6. Viết lại các câu dưới đây bằng cách sử dụng cụm phân từ trong Tiếng Anh

1. My friends asked me to wait for a second. She was wearing her shoes.

2. Mike was complained about by his parents. He was too lazy.

3. Since he was sick, he refused to hang out with us.

4. The woman was sitting next to my mom. She is a famous YouTuber in the beauty field.

5. We went to the cinema after we had finished the homework.

6. The vase was broken by my dog. It no longer was used in my house.

Đáp án

1. My friends, wearing her shoes, asked me to wait for a second.

2. Having been too lazy, Mike was complained about by his parents.

3. Being sick, he refused to hang out with us.

4. Sitting next to my mom, the woman is a famous youtuber in the beauty field.

5. Finishing the homework, we went to the cinema

6. Broken by my dog, the vase no longer was used in my house.

Ex 7. Viết lại các câu dưới đây, sử dụng cụm phân từ trong tiếng Anh

1. My mother told me to wait for her 10 more minutes. She was doing the household chores by herself.

2. Susie and Marshall are being scolded by their parents. They had a fight and hurt each other.

3. I look around, turn on the lights, sit on the couch and turn on the TV. I think nobody is at home.

4. Their company had been doing well in recent years. It is expected to continue to flourish.

5. Her eyes are strained. They have been exposed to screens for too long.

Đáp án:

1. My mother, doing the household chores by herself, told me to wait for her 10 more minutes.

2. Having had a fight and hurt each other, Susie and Marshall are being scolded by their parents.

3. I look around, turn on the lights, sit on the couch and turn on the TV, thinking nobody is at home.

4. Their company, having been doing well in recent years, is expected to continue to flourish.

5. Exposed to screens for too long, her eyes are strained.

Ex 8. Thay thế phần in nghiêng trong các câu dưới đây thành cụm phân từ hiện tại

1. As our family doesn’t have enough time to travel, we often stay at home.

=> ______________________________________

2. She was well-mannered and helped her grandmother in the kitchen.

=> ______________________________________

3. Susie walked home at midnight and spotted a thief.

=> ______________________________________

4. Since he didn’t feel well he refused to go to the zoo.

=> ______________________________________

5. The man was sitting in a salon near the supermarket. He was having his hair done and his beard shaved.

=> ______________________________________

Đáp án:

1. Not having enough time to travel, we often stay at home.

2. She was well-mannered helping her grandmother in the kitchen.

3. Walking home at midnight Susie spotted a thief.

4. Not feeling well, he refused to go to the zoo.

5. Sitting in a salon near the supermarket, the man was having his hair done and his beard shaved.

Xem thêm các dạng bài tập Tiếng Anh hay, chi tiết khác:

Bài tập so sánh với As... as, The same as và Different from có đáp án

Bài tập Câu giả định có đáp án

Bài tập Giới từ có đáp án

Bài tập từ chỉ lượng có đáp án

Bài tập Danh động từ có đáp án