Chương IV Luật Thương mại 2005: Xúc tiến thương mại

Chapter IV

COMMERCIAL PROMOTION

SECTION 1. SALES PROMOTION

Article 88.- Sales promotion

1. Sales promotion means activities of commercial promotion conducted by traders to promote the purchase and sale of goods or the provision of services by offering certain benefits to customers.

2. Traders conducting sales promotion are those falling into one of the following cases:

a/ Traders directly conduct sales promotion for goods and/or services that they trade in;

b/ Traders engaged in providing sales promotion services conduct sales promotion for goods and/or services of other traders under an agreement with the latter.

Article 89.- Provision of sales promotion service

Provision of sales promotion services means commercial activities whereby a trader conducts sales promotion for goods and/or services of other traders on a contractual basis.

Article 90.- Sales promotion service contracts

Sales promotion service contracts must be made in writing or in other forms of equal legal validity.

Article 91.- Rights of traders to conduct sales promotion

1. Vietnamese traders, branches of Vietnamese traders, and Vietnam-based branches of foreign traders shall have the right to conduct sales promotion themselves or to hire traders engaged in provision of sales promotion services to do so.

2. Representative offices of traders shall not be allowed to conduct sales promotion themselves or to hire other traders to conduct sales promotion in Vietnam for the traders that they are representing.

Article 92.- Forms of sales promotion

1. Giving samples of goods or providing samples of services to customers for trial use free of charge.

2. Gifting goods as gifts or providing free-of-charge services to customers.

3. Selling goods or providing services at prices lower than goods sale prices or service provision charge rates previously applied during the period of sales promotion already registered or announced. In case of goods or services subject to the State management over their prices, the sales promotion in this form shall comply with regulations of the Government.

4. Selling goods or providing services together with coupons that allow customers to enjoy one or several benefits.

5. Selling goods or providing services together with prize-contest entrance tickets to customers, for purpose of selecting prize winners according to the rules and prizes already announced.

6. Selling goods or providing services together with opportunities for customers to participate in games of chance, the participation in which comes after the purchase of goods or services and the winning of prizes depends on the luck of participants according to the rules and prizes already announced.

7. Organizing programs for frequent customers whereby gifts are presented to customers on the basis of the quantities or values of goods purchased or services used by such customers and expressed in forms of customers’ cards, coupons acknowledging the purchase of goods or services, or other forms.

8. Organizing cultural, artistic or entertainment programs or other events for customers for the purpose of sales promotion.

9. Other forms of sales promotion if approved by the State management agency in charge of commerce.

Article 93.- Sales promotion goods and services

1. Sales promotion goods and services mean goods and services use by traders to promote their sale and provision in various forms of sales promotion.

2. Sales promotion goods and services must be those traded lawfully.

Article 94.- Goods and services used for sales promotion, sales promotion discount rates

1. Goods and services used for sales promotion mean those given as gifts or prizes or provided free of charge by traders to customers.

2. Goods and services used by traders for sales promotion may be goods and services they are trading in or other goods and services.

3. Goods and services used for sales promotion must be those traded lawfully.

4. The Government shall specify the maximum value of goods and services used for sales promotion, and the maximum discount rate for sales promotion goods and services, which traders can apply in their sales promotion activities.

Article 95.- Rights of traders conducting sales promotion

1. To choose the form, time and venue for sales promotion, goods and services to be used for sales promotion.

2. To define specific benefits which customers shall be entitled to enjoy according to Clause 4, Article 94 of this Law.

3. To hire traders engaged in the business of providing sales promotion services to conduct sales promotion for them.

4. To organize the application of the sales promotion forms specified in Article 92 of this Law.

Article 96.- Obligations of traders conducting sales promotion

1. To fully comply with the order and procedures provided for by law for conducting sales promotion in various forms.

2. To publicly notify all information on sales promotion activities to customers according to Article 97 of this Law.

3. To strictly adhere to the sales promotion program already announced, and to fulfill their commitments with customers.

4. With regard to the forms of sales promotion specified in Clause 6, Article 92 of this Law, traders must set aside and remit 50% of the value of the prizes already announced into the state budget in cases where there is no prize-winner.

The Trade Minister shall provide for specific forms of sales promotion under prize programs which must comply with this provision.

5. To comply with agreements in sales promotion service contracts if traders conducting sales promotion are those providing sales promotion services.

Article 97.- Information that must be publicly notified

1. For all forms of sales promotion specified in Article 92 of this Law, traders conducting sales promotion must publicly notify the following information:

a/ Names of sales promotion activities;

b/ Sale prices or charge rates of sales promotion goods or services and related costs for delivery of sales promotion goods or services to customers;

c/ Names, addresses and telephone numbers of traders conducting the sales promotion;

d/ Sales promotion duration, the starting date and ending date and area of sales promotion activities;

e/ Where benefits of the participation in sales promotion depend on specific conditions, notices must clearly state that such sales promotion activities are conditional and specific conditions.

2. Apart from the information defined in Clause 1 of this Article, traders shall also publicly notify the following sales promotion-related information:

a/ Sale prices of goods or charge rates of services given as gifts to customers, for the form of sales promotion mentioned in Clause 2, Article 92 of this Law;

b/ Absolute value or discount percentage of normal prices of goods, or normal charge rates of services before the sales promotion duration, for the form of sales promotion specified in Clause 3, Article 92 of this Law;

c/ Monetary values or specific benefits of coupons which customers are entitled to enjoy; places of sale of goods or provision of services as well as types of goods or services which customers may receive from coupons, for the form of sales promotion specified in Clause 4, Article 92 of this Law;

d/ Types of prize and value of each prize; rules for participation in sales promotion programs, method of selecting prize-winners, for the form of sales promotion specified in Clauses 5 and 6, Article 92 of this Law;

e/ Expenses which must be borne by customers, for the form of sales promotion specified in Clauses 7 and 8, Article 92 of this Law.

Article 98.- Modes of notification

1. The notification of sales promotion for goods according to the provisions of Article 97 of this Law shall be made by one of the following modes:

a/ At places where goods are sold and where goods are displayed for sale;

b/ On goods or their packing;

c/ In any other forms which must be attached to goods when such goods are sold.

2. The notification of sales promotion for services according to the provisions of Article 97 of this Law shall be made by one of the following modes:

a/ At places where services are provided;

b/ In any other forms which must be provided together with services when such services are provided.

Article 99.- Keeping secret information on sales promotion programs and details

Where sales promotion programs must be approved by competent state agencies, such agencies must keep secret the sales promotion programs and details provided by traders until such programs are approved by competent state agencies.

Article 100.- Prohibited acts in sales promotion activities

1. Conducting sales promotion for goods and services banned from business; goods and services subject to business restrictions; goods not yet permitted for circulation; and services not yet permitted for provision;

2. Using, for sales promotion purpose, goods and services which are banned from business; goods and services subject to business restrictions; goods not yet permitted for circulation; and services not yet permitted for provision;

3. Conducting sales promotion for alcohol and beer, or using alcohol and beer for sales promotion targeted at under-18 people;

4. Conducting sales promotion for, or using cigarette or alcohol of an alcoholic volume of 30o or higher for sales promotion in any form;

5. Conducting untruthful or misleading sales promotion for goods and services so as to deceive customers;

6. Conducting sales promotion for selling inferior-quality goods, causing harms to the environment, human health and other public interests;

7. Conducting sales promotion at schools, hospitals or offices of state agencies, political organizations, socio-political organizations and people’s armed forces units;

8. Promising to present gifts or prizes but failing to do so or doing it improperly;

9. Conducting sales promotion for purpose of unfair competition;

10. Conducting sales promotion with the value of sales promotion goods and/or services exceeding the maximum limit or the maximum discount rate of sales promotion goods and services mentioned in Clause 4, Article 94 of this Law.

Article 101.- Registration for sales promotion activities with, and notification of sales promotion results to, the State management agency in charge of commerce

1. Before conducting sales promotion activities, traders must register them with the state management agency in charge of commerce, and after such sales promotion activities are completed, report sales promotion results to such agency.

2. The Government shall provide for in detail the registration of sales promotion activities with, and the notification of results of such activities to, the state management agency in charge of commerce.

SECTION 2. COMMERCIAL ADVERTISING

Article 102.- Commercial advertising

Commercial advertising means commercial promotion activities of traders aimed at introducing to customers their goods and service business activities.

Article 103.- Right to commercial advertising

1. Vietnamese traders, branches of Vietnamese traders and branches of foreign traders licensed to conduct commercial activities in Vietnam shall have the right to advertise their goods and/or service business activities or to hire traders providing advertising services to do so for them.

2. Representative offices of traders must not directly conduct commercial advertising activities. When being authorized by traders, representative offices may sign contracts with traders providing commercial advertising services to advertise for the traders they are representing.

3. Foreign traders who wish to commercially advertise their goods and/or service business activities in Vietnam shall have to hire Vietnamese traders engaged in business of providing commercial advertising services to do so.

Article 104.- Provision of commercial advertising services

Provision of commercial advertising services means commercial activities of traders aimed at conducting commercial advertisement for other traders.

Article 105.- Commercial advertising products

Commercial advertising products consist of information in images, actions, sounds, voices, scripts, symbols, colors and lights containing commercial advertising details.

Article 106.- Means of commercial advertising

1. Means of commercial advertising are instruments used for introducing commercial advertising products.

2. Means of commercial advertising include:

a/ The mass media;

b/ Means of communications;

c/ Publications of all kinds;

d/ All kinds of boards, signs, banners, panels, posters, fixed objects or means of transportation and other movable objects;

e/ Other means of commercial advertising.

Article 107.- Use of means of commercial advertising

1. The use of means of commercial advertising specified in Article 106 of this Law must comply with the regulations of the competent state management body.

2. The use of means of commercial advertising must satisfy the following requirements:

a/ Being in compliance with the provisions of law on press, publishing, information, programs on cultural or sport activities, trade fairs and exhibitions;

b/ Being in compliance with the regulations on locations of advertisement, causing no adverse impact on the landscape, environment, traffic order and safety, and social safety;

c/ Being in accordance with the intensity, time volume and timing prescribed for each type of mass media.

Article 108.- Protection of intellectual property rights over commercial advertising products

Traders shall have the right to register for protection of their intellectual property rights over commercial advertising products according to the provisions of law.

Article 109.- Prohibited commercial advertisements

1. Advertisements which reveal state secrets, are detrimental to the national independence, sovereignty and security, and social order and safety.

2. Advertisements that use advertising products or means of advertisement which are contrary to the historic, cultural and ethical traditions and the fine customs and practices of Vietnam and in contravention of law.

3. Advertisements for goods and services which are banned or restricted from business or banned from advertisement by the State.

4. Advertisements for cigarette and alcohol with an alcoholic volume of 30o or higher and products and goods not yet permitted for circulation or services not yet permitted for provision in the Vietnamese market at the time of advertising.

5. Commercial advertisements which can be taken advantage of to cause harms to interests of the State, organizations and/or individuals.

6. Advertisements using the method of comparing a trader’s goods and service production and business activities with goods and service production and business activities of the same kind of other traders.

7. Advertisements containing untruthful information on any of the following contents: quantity, quality, price, utility, design, origin, category, packing, service mode and warranty duration of goods or services.

8. Advertisements for a trader’s business activities by using advertising products which infringe upon intellectual property rights; using images of other organizations or individuals for advertising purpose without the consent of such organizations or individuals.

9. Advertisements for the purpose of unfair competition according to the provisions of law.

Article 110.- Commercial advertising service contracts

Commercial advertising service contracts must be made in writing or in other forms of equivalent legal validity.

Article 111.- Rights of commercial advertising hirers

Unless otherwise agreed, commercial advertising hirers shall have the following rights:

1. To select commercial advertising distributors, forms, contents, means, scope and duration;

2. To inspect and supervise the performance of commercial advertising service contracts.

Article 112.- Obligations of commercial advertising hirers

Unless otherwise agreed, commercial advertising hirers shall have the following obligations:

1. To supply commercial advertising service providers with truthful and accurate information on goods and commercial service business activities, and to be responsible for such information;

2. To pay commercial advertising service charges and other reasonable costs.

Article 113.- Rights of commercial advertising service providers

Unless otherwise agreed, commercial advertising service providers shall have the following rights:

1. To request commercial advertising hirers to supply truthful and accurate information according to agreements in contracts;

2. To receive commercial advertising service charges and other reasonable costs.

Article 114.- Obligations of commercial advertising service providers

Unless otherwise agreed, commercial advertising service providers shall have the following obligations:

1. To comply with service hirers’ choice of commercial advertising distributors, forms, contents, means, scope and duration;

2. To organize truthful and accurate advertisement for goods or commercial service business activities according to information supplied by advertising hirers;

3. To perform other obligations agreed upon in commercial advertising service contracts.

Article 115.- Commercial advertising distributors

Commercial advertising distributors are persons who directly distribute commercial advertising products.

Article 116.- Obligations of commercial advertising distributors

Commercial advertising distributors shall have the following obligations:

1. To comply with the provisions of Article 107 of this Law on the use of means of commercial advertising;

2. To perform advertising distribution contracts already entered into with advertising distribution hirers;

3. To perform other obligations provided for by law.

SECTION 3. DISPLAY AND INTRODUCTION OF GOODS AND SERVICES

Article 117.- Display and introduction of goods and services

Display and introduction of goods and services mean commercial promotion activities of traders that use goods and/or services and documents thereon to introduce such goods and/or services to customers.

Article 118.- Right to display and introduce goods and services

1. Vietnamese traders, branches of Vietnamese traders and Vietnam-based branches of foreign traders shall have the right to display and introduce goods and/or services; to select appropriate forms of display and introduction; to organize by themselves or hire traders providing goods/service display and introduction services to display and introduce their goods and/or services.

2. Representative offices of traders shall not be allowed to directly display and introduce goods and/or services of traders they are representing, except for displays and introductions at their offices. When being authorized by traders, representative offices shall have the right to enter into contracts with traders providing goods/service display and introduction services for the display and introduction of goods and/or services of traders they are representing.

3. Foreign traders not yet licensed to conduct commercial activities in Vietnam and wishing to display and introduce their goods and/or services in Vietnam must hire Vietnamese traders providing goods/service display and introduction services to do so.

Article 119.- Provision of goods/service display and introduction services

Provision of goods/service display and introduction services means commercial activities whereby a trader provides goods/service display and introduction services to other traders.

Article 120.- Forms of display and introduction of goods and services

1. Opening showrooms for displaying and introducing goods and/or services.

2. Displaying and introducing goods and/or services at trade centers or in entertainment, sport, cultural or artistic activities.

3. Organizing conferences and seminars involving the display and introduction of goods and/or services.

4. Displaying and introducing goods and/or services online and in other forms specified by law.

Article 121.- Conditions for displayed and introduced goods and/or services

1. Displayed and introduced goods and/or services must be those which are legally traded in the market.

2. Displayed and introduced goods and/or services must comply with the provisions of law on goods quality and goods labeling.

Article 122.- Conditions for goods imported into Vietnam for display and introduction

Goods imported into Vietnam for display and introduction must, apart from the conditions defined in Article 121 of this Law, also satisfy the following conditions:

1. Being goods permitted for import into Vietnam;

2. Goods which are temporarily imported for display and introduction must be re-exported after the end of such display and introduction within six months as from the date of temporary import; past this time limit, the procedures for time limit prolongation must be carried out at the customs offices where the temporary import has been made;

3. Goods temporarily imported for display and introduction which are sold in Vietnam shall comply with the provisions of Vietnamese law on import goods.

Article 123.- Cases where display and introduction of goods and/or services are prohibited

1. The organization of display and introduction of goods and/or services, or the use of forms and means of goods and/or service display and introduction, which are detrimental to national security, social order and safety, landscape, environment and human health;

2. Display and introduction of goods and/or services or use of forms and means of display and introduction, which are contrary to the historic, cultural and ethical traditions and fine customs of Vietnam;

3. Display and introduction of goods and/or services, which reveal state secrets;

4. Display and introduction of goods of other traders for comparison with one’s own goods, except where the goods for comparison are counterfeit goods or goods infringing upon intellectual property rights according to the provisions of law;

5. Display and introduction of goods samples which are inconsistent with goods being traded in terms of quality, price, utility, design, category, packing, warranty duration and other quality standards in order to deceive customers.

Article 124.- Contracts for provision of goods and/or service display and introduction services

Contracts for provision of goods and/or service display and introduction services must be made in writing or in other forms of equivalent legal validity.

Article 125.- Rights of goods and/or service display and introduction service hirers

Unless otherwise agreed, goods and/or service display and introduction service hirers shall have the following rights:

1. To request goods and/or service display and introduction service providers to fulfill agreements in contracts;

2. To inspect and supervise the performance of goods and/or service display and introduction service contracts.

Article 126.- Obligations of goods and/or service display and introduction service hirers

Unless otherwise agreed, goods and/or service display and introduction service hirers shall have the following obligations:

1. To supply all goods and/or services to be displayed and introduced, or means to service providers as agreed upon in contracts;

2. To supply information on goods and/or services to be displayed and introduced and take responsibility for such information;

3. To pay service charges and other reasonable expenses.

Article 127.- Rights of goods and/or service display and introduction service providers

Unless otherwise agreed, goods and/or service display and introduction service providers shall have the following rights:

1. To request service hirers to supply goods and/or services to be displayed and introduced within time limits agreed upon in contracts;

2. To request service hirers to supply information on goods and/or services to be displayed and introduced and other necessary means as agreed upon in contracts;

3. To receive service charges and other reasonable expenses.

Article 128.- Obligations of goods and/or service display and introduction service providers

Unless otherwise agreed, goods and/or service display and introduction service providers shall have the following obligations:

1. To display and introduce goods and/or services as agreed upon in contracts;

2. To preserve displayed and introduced goods, documents and means supplied to them during the performance of contracts; and upon the completion of the goods and/or service display and introduction, to return all displayed and introduced goods, documents and means to service hirers;

3. To conduct the goods and/or service display and introduction according to contents agreed with service hirers.

SECTION 4. TRADE FAIRS AND EXHIBITIONS

Article 129.- Trade fairs and exhibitions

Trade fairs and exhibitions mean commercial promotion activities conducted in a concentrated manner at particular locations and for given periods of time for traders to display and introduce their goods and/or services for the purpose of promoting them and seeking opportunities for entering into contracts for sale and purchase of goods or service contracts.

Article 130.- Provision of trade fair and exhibition services

1. Provision of trade fair and exhibition services means commercial activities whereby traders dealing in these services provide services of organizing or participating in trade fairs and exhibitions to other traders for receiving trade fair and exhibition organization service charges.

2. Trade fair and exhibition organization service contracts must be made in writing or in other forms of equivalent legal validity.

Article 131.- Rights to organize or participate in trade fairs and exhibitions

1. Vietnamese traders, branches of Vietnamese traders, Vietnam-based branches of foreign traders shall have the right to directly organize or participate in trade fairs and exhibitions for goods and/or services they trade in or hire traders providing trade fair and exhibition services to do so.

2. Representative offices of traders shall not be allowed to directly organize or participate in trade fairs and exhibitions. When being authorized by traders, representative offices shall have the right to sign contracts with traders providing trade fair and exhibition services to do so for the traders they are representing.

3. Foreign traders shall have the right to directly participate or hire Vietnamese traders providing trade fair and exhibition services to participate, on their behalf, in trade fairs and exhibitions in Vietnam. Where they wish to organize trade fairs and exhibitions in Vietnam, foreign traders must hire Vietnamese traders providing trade fair and exhibition services to do so.

Article 132.- Organization of trade fairs and exhibitions in Vietnam

1. Trade fairs and exhibitions organized in Vietnam must be registered with and certified in writing by the state management agencies in charge of commerce of the provinces or centrally-run cities where such trade fairs and exhibitions are to be organized.

2. The Government shall specify the order, procedures, contents of registration and certification of the organization of trade fairs and exhibitions in Vietnam provided for in Clause 1 of this Article.

Article 133.- Organization of and participation in overseas trade fairs and exhibitions

1. Traders not providing trade fair and exhibition services, when directly organizing or participating in overseas trade fairs and exhibitions for goods and/or services they trade in, must comply with the regulations on export of goods.

2. Traders providing trade fair and exhibition services, when arranging for other traders to participate in overseas trade fairs and exhibitions, must register such with the Ministry of Trade.

3. Traders that have not yet registered their business of providing trade fair and exhibition services shall not be allowed to arrange for other traders to participate in overseas trade fairs and exhibitions.

4. The Government shall specify the order, procedures and contents of registration for organization of, and participation in, overseas trade fairs and exhibitions provided for in Clauses 1 and 2 of this Article.

Article 134.- Goods and/or services displayed and introduced at trade fairs and exhibitions in Vietnam

1. Goods and/or services which are not permitted for participation in trade fairs and exhibitions include:

a/ Goods and/or services banned from business, subject to business restrictions, or not yet permitted for circulation according to the provisions of law;

b/ Goods and/or services provided by overseas traders and banned from import according to the provisions of law;

c/ Counterfeit goods and goods infringing upon intellectual property rights, except where they are displayed and introduced for comparison with genuine ones.

2. Apart from the provisions of this Law on trade fairs and exhibitions, goods and/or services subject to specialized management must also comply with regulations on specialized management of such goods and/or services.

3. Goods temporarily imported for participation in trade fairs or exhibitions in Vietnam must be re-exported within thirty days after the end of such trade fairs or exhibitions.

4. The temporary import for re-export of goods for participation in trade fairs or exhibitions in Vietnam must comply with the provisions of customs law and other relevant provisions of law.

Article 135.- Goods and/or services participating in overseas trade fairs and exhibitions

1. All types of goods and services shall be permitted to participate in overseas trade fairs and exhibitions, except for those banned from export according to the provisions of law.

2. Goods and/or services banned from export shall only be permitted for participation in overseas trade fairs and exhibitions when so approved by the Prime Minister.

3. The time limit for temporary export of goods for participation in overseas trade fairs and exhibitions shall be one year from the date such goods are temporarily exported. If past that time limit, the goods are not re-imported yet, such goods shall be subject to taxes and other financial obligations as provided for by Vietnamese law.

4. The temporary export for re-import of goods for participation in overseas trade fairs and exhibitions must comply with the provisions of customs law and other relevant provisions of law.

Article 136.- Sale, presentation of goods as gifts and provision of services at trade fairs and exhibitions in Vietnam

1. Goods and services displayed and introduced at trade fairs and exhibitions in Vietnam are permitted to be sold, presented as gifts or provided at such trade fairs and exhibitions; for imported goods, registration thereof must be made with customs offices, except for the cases specified in Clause 2 of this Article.

2. Goods which are imported under permits of competent state agencies shall be sold or presented as gifts only after written approvals of such competent state agencies are obtained.

3. The sale and presentation of goods as gifts at trade fairs and exhibitions mentioned in Clause 2, Article 134 o this Law must comply with regulations on specialized import management of such goods.

4. Goods sold or presented as gifts, and services provided at trade fairs and exhibitions in Vietnam shall be subject to taxes and other financial obligations as provided for by law.

Article 137.- Sale, presentation of Vietnamese goods as gifts and provision of Vietnamese services participating in overseas trade fairs and exhibitions

1. Vietnamese goods and services participating in overseas trade fairs and exhibitions are permitted to be sold, presented as gifts or provided at such trade fairs and exhibitions, except the cases defined in Clauses 2 and 3 of this Article.

2. The sale and presentation as gifts of goods, which are banned from export but have been temporarily exported for participation in overseas trade fairs and exhibitions, shall be made only after the Prime Minister’s approval is obtained.

3. Goods exported under permits of competent state agencies shall be sold or presented as gifts only after written approvals of such competent state agencies are obtained.

4. Vietnamese goods and/or services participating in overseas trade fairs and exhibitions and being sold, presented as gifts or provided overseas shall be subject to taxes and other financial obligations as provided for by law.

Article 138.- Rights and obligations of organizations and individuals participating in trade fairs and exhibitions in Vietnam.

1. To exercise rights and perform obligations as agreed upon with traders organizing trade fairs and exhibitions.

2. To sell, present goods as gifts and provide services displayed and introduced at trade fairs and exhibitions according to the provisions of law.

3. To temporarily import and re-export goods and documents on goods and/or services for display at trade fairs and exhibitions.

4. To comply with regulations on organization of trade fairs and exhibitions in Vietnam.

Article 139.- Rights and obligations of traders organizing or participating in overseas trade fairs and exhibitions

1. To temporarily export and re-import goods and documents on goods and/or services for display and introduction at trade fairs or exhibitions.

2. To comply with regulations on organization of, and participation in, overseas trade fairs and exhibitions.

3. To sell and present as gifts goods displayed and introduced at overseas trade fairs and exhibitions; and to pay taxes and fulfill other financial obligations as provided for by Vietnamese law.

Article 140.- Rights and obligations of traders providing trade fair and exhibition services

1. To post up topics and durations of trade fairs and exhibitions at places where such trade fairs and exhibitions are to be organized before their opening dates.

2. To request service hirers to supply goods for participation in trade fairs and exhibitions within time limits agreed upon in contracts.

3. To request service hirers to supply information on goods and/or services for participation in trade fairs and exhibitions and other necessary means as agreed upon in contracts;

4. To receive service charges and other reasonable expenses;

5. To organize trade fairs and exhibitions as agreed upon in contracts.

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Hiện nay, với xu thế toàn cầu hóa và hội nhập quốc tế đang ngày càng mở rộng, với những tiềm năng to lớn về kinh tế và xã hội, Việt Nam đang là một thị trường đang rất được các doanh nghiệp nước ngoài hướng tới. Trong số các thị trường tại Việt Nam hiện nay, kinh doanh và phân phối dược phẩm đang là một trong những lĩnh vực đang rất được quan tâm đến. Tuy nhiên, theo pháp luật Việt Nam thì liệu doanh nghiệp nước ngoài có được phân phối dược phẩm tại Việt Nam hay không? Hãy cùng theo dõi bài viết sau để tìm được câu trả lời chính xác nhất. 06/11/2024

Chiết khấu thanh toán là gì? Quy định liên quan đến chiết khấu thanh toán

Chiết khấu thanh toán là gì? Quy định liên quan đến chiết khấu thanh toán

Trong kinh doanh thương mại, việc có nhiều hình thức khuyến mại cũng như khuyến khích các bên, cụ thể là bên mua trong kinh doanh. Theo đó, trong quá trình trao đổi mua bán hàng hóa giữa các bên trên thị trường thì hình thức chiếc khấu thanh toán khá phổ biến. Vậy chiết khấu thanh toán là gì? Trường hợp nào áp dụng chiếc khấu thanh toán trong thương mại? Câu trả lời sẽ được chúng tôi giải đáp qua bài viết dưới đây nhé. 05/11/2024

Hoạt động trung gian thương mại là gì?

Hoạt động trung gian thương mại là gì?

Hoạt động trung gian thương mại là gì? 04/11/2024

Hợp đồng mua bán hàng hoá là gì ? Mẫu hợp đồng mua bán hàng hoá chi tiết nhất

Hợp đồng mua bán hàng hoá là gì ? Mẫu hợp đồng mua bán hàng hoá chi tiết nhất

Hợp đồng là một cam kết giữa hai hay nhiều bên (pháp nhân) để làm hoặc không làm một việc nào đó trong khuôn khổ pháp luật. Theo quy định của Bộ luật dân sự 2015 thì hợp đồng là sự thỏa thuận giữa các bên về việc xác lập, thay đổi hoặc chấm dứt quyền, nghĩa vụ dân sự. Theo đó, có rất nhiều loại hợp đồng như hợp đồng mua bán hàng hóa, hợp đồng tặng cho tài sản, hợp đồng vay tài sản, hợp đồng thuê tài sản,…Vậy trong lĩnh vực thương mại, khái niệm hợp đồng mua bán hàng hóa được hiểu như thế nào? Và mẫu hợp đồng mua bán hàng hóa phải có những nội dung chi tiết nào? Bài viết dưới đây sẽ giúp bạn đọc hiểu rõ hơn về vấn đề trên để có cái nhìn tổng quan hơn về hợp đồng mua bán hàng hóa, từ đó dễ dàng soạn thảo hợp đồng mua bán hàng hóa trong hoạt động thương mại. 03/11/2024

Hợp đồng mua bán hàng hoá là gì ? Hợp đồng mua bán hàng hoá cần những nội dung gì ?

Hợp đồng mua bán hàng hoá là gì ? Hợp đồng mua bán hàng hoá cần những nội dung gì ?

Hợp đồng mua bán hàng hoá là gì ? Hợp đồng mua bán hàng hoá cần những nội dung gì ? 03/11/2024