LUẬT CÁC TỔ CHỨC TÍN DỤNG 2024 MỚI NHẤT SỐ 32/2024/QH15
| Số hiệu: |
32/2024/QH15 |
Loại văn bản: |
Luật |
| Nơi ban hành: |
Quốc hội |
Người ký: |
Vương Đình Huệ |
| Ngày ban hành: |
18/01/2024 |
Ngày hiệu lực: |
01/07/2024 |
| Ngày công báo: |
02/03/2024
|
Số công báo: |
Từ số 369 đến số 370 |
| Lĩnh vực: |
Tiền tệ - Ngân hàng
|
Tình trạng: |
Còn hiệu lực
|
TÓM TẮT VĂN BẢN
Trách nhiệm của tổ chức tín dụng trong việc bảo vệ quyền lợi của khách hàng
Ngày 18/01/2024, tại kỳ họp bất thường lần thứ 05, Quốc hội khóa XV đã thông qua Luật Các tổ chức tín dụng 2024.
Trách nhiệm của tổ chức tín dụng trong việc bảo vệ quyền lợi của khách hàng
Theo đó, trách nhiệm của tổ chức tín dụng, chi nhánh ngân hàng nước ngoài trong việc bảo vệ quyền lợi của khách hàng bao gồm:
- Tham gia bảo hiểm tiền gửi, quỹ bảo đảm an toàn hệ thống quỹ tín dụng nhân dân theo quy định của pháp luật và công bố công khai việc tham gia bảo hiểm tiền gửi tại trụ sở chính và chi nhánh.
- Tạo thuận lợi cho khách hàng gửi và rút tiền, bảo đảm thanh toán đủ, đúng hạn tiền gốc, lãi của khoản tiền gửi theo thỏa thuận phù hợp với quy định của pháp luật.
- Từ chối việc điều tra, phong tỏa, cầm giữ, trích chuyển tiền gửi của khách hàng, trừ trường hợp có yêu cầu của cơ quan nhà nước có thẩm quyền theo quy định của luật hoặc được sự chấp thuận của khách hàng.
- Công bố công khai lãi suất tiền gửi, phí dịch vụ, quyền, nghĩa vụ của khách hàng đối với từng loại sản phẩm, dịch vụ đang cung ứng.
- Công bố công khai thời gian giao dịch chính thức.
Trường hợp ngừng giao dịch tại một hoặc một số địa điểm thực hiện giao dịch trong thời gian giao dịch chính thức hoặc ngừng giao dịch bằng phương tiện điện tử, chậm nhất là 24 giờ trước thời điểm ngừng giao dịch, tổ chức tín dụng, chi nhánh ngân hàng nước ngoài phải niêm yết thông tin về ngừng giao dịch tại địa điểm giao dịch hoặc trên trang thông tin điện tử của tổ chức tín dụng, chi nhánh ngân hàng nước ngoài.
Trường hợp ngừng giao dịch do sự kiện bất khả kháng, chậm nhất là 24 giờ sau thời điểm ngừng giao dịch, tổ chức tín dụng, chi nhánh ngân hàng nước ngoài phải niêm yết thông tin về ngừng giao dịch tại địa điểm giao dịch hoặc trên trang thông tin điện tử của tổ chức tín dụng, chi nhánh ngân hàng nước ngoài.
Luật Các tổ chức tín dụng 2024 có hiệu lực từ 01/07/2024, trừ khoản 3 Điều 200 và khoản 15 Điều 210 Luật Các tổ chức tín dụng 2024 có hiệu lực từ ngày 01/01/2025.
Luật Các tổ chức tín dụng 2010 (đã được sửa đổi, bổ sung một số điều theo Luật số 17/2017/QH14) hết hiệu lực kể từ ngày Luật Các tổ chức tín dụng 2024 có hiệu lực thi hành, trừ quy định tại các khoản 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9, 12 và 14 Điều 210 Luật Các tổ chức tín dụng 2024.
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Chapter XV
IMPLEMENTATION PROVISIONS
Article 209. Entry into force
1. This Law comes into force from July 01, 2024, except for Clause 2 of this Article.
2. Clause 3 Article 200 and Clause 15 Article 210 of this Law come into force from January 01, 2025.
3. The Law on Credit Institutions No. 47/2010/QH12 amended by the Law No. 17/2017/QH14 will cease to be effective from the effective date of this Law, except for regulations in Clauses 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9, 12 and 14 Article 210 of this Law.
Article 210. Transitional provisions
1. Credit institutions, foreign bank branches and foreign representative offices already established and operating under licenses granted by the State Bank before the effective date of this Law are not required to apply for reissuance of their licenses under this Law. Amendments to licenses shall comply with regulations of this Law.
2. Regarding contracts, transactions and agreements signed before the effective date of this Law, credit institutions, foreign bank branches and clients may continue to carry out such contracts, transactions and agreements signed until their expiration dates. Revision and extension of contracts, other transactions and agreements are only allowed if the revision and extension are conformable with regulations of this Law, except for debt rescheduling of credit extension contracts, transactions and agreements, which shall comply with regulations of laws on bank.
Credit institutions, foreign bank branches and clients may continue to carry out indefinite-term contracts, transactions and agreements which contain contents unconformable to regulations of this Law and are signed before the effective date of this Law until the end of June 30, 2025. After this date, credit institutions, foreign bank branches and clients shall terminate or revise such contracts, transactions and agreements in accordance with regulations of this Law.
3. If a credit institution placed under special control has not fully repaid special loans taken from the State Bank by the effective date of this Law and has no restructuring plans approved, the parties may continue to execute the concluded special loan contract and extension to the special loans will be considered according to regulations of the Governor of State Bank.
4. Regarding promissory notes and treasury bills issued that are not fully repaid or redeemed until the effective date of this Law, credit institutions, foreign bank branches and purchasers of such promissory notes and treasury bills shall continue to adhere to agreements until they are fully repaid or redeemed.
5. Credit institutions that contribute capital to or purchase shares of enterprises or other credit institutions specified in point b Clause 5 Article 137 of this Law, subsidiaries of credit institutions that contribute capital or purchase shares specified in Clause 5 Article 137 of this Law before the effective date of this Law and shareholders, shareholders and their related persons at commercial banks that hold shares in excess of the holdings specified in Article 55 of the Law on Credit Institutions No. 47/2010/QH12 amended by the Law No. 17/2017/QH14 shall formulate and implement roadmaps in order to conform to this Law according to regulations of the Governor of State Bank.
6. If the collateral of a bad debt that is a real property project has been seized according to Article 7 of Resolution No. 42/2017/QH14 on pilot settlement of bad debts of credit institutions (hereinafter referred to as “Resolution No. 42/2017/QH14”) or is being transferred according to Article 10 of Resolution No. 42/2017/QH14 before the effective date of this Law but the seizure or transfer has not been completed as of the effective date of this Law, the regulations set out in Article 10 of Resolution No. 42/2017/QH14 shall continue to apply from January 01, 2024 until completion.
7. Regarding estimated profits that have been recorded of bad debts that have not been divested of credit institutions as prescribed and the difference between book value of the debt included in the balance sheet and selling price of the bad debt and the specific provision for such debt which are being allocated according to Article 16 of Resolution No. 42/2017/QH14, they shall continue to be allocated according to regulations in Article 16 of Resolution No. 42/2017/QH14 from January 01, 2024 until the end of August 14, 2027.
8. Managers, executives and holders of other titles of credit institutions or foreign bank branches that are elected and appointed before the effective date of this Law but fails to meet regulations in Articles 41, 42 and 43 of this Law may continue to hold their positions until the end of their terms or until expiration of their election and appointment period.
The Board of Directors of a credit institution that is elected before the effective date of this Law but fails to meet regulations in Clause 1 and Clause 3 Article 69 of this Law may keep operating until the end of its term.
By the effective date of this Law, if the number of members of the Board of Members of a credit institution that is a single-member limited liability company exceeds the one specified in point a Clause 1 Article 73 of this Law, it shall be adjusted to comply with regulations in point a Clause 1 Article 73 of this Law before July 01, 2025.
By the effective date of this Law, if the number of members of the Board of Controllers of a commercial bank is not consistent with regulations in Clause 2 Article 51 of this Law, such number may remain unchanged according to regulations in Clause 2 Article 44 of the Law on Credit Institutions No. 47/2010/QH12 amended by the Law No. 17/2017/QH14 until the end of the term of the Board of Controllers or the term of office of each member, except for the case where the commercial bank elects, appoints, or replaces members of the Board of Controllers.
9. If credit institutions placed special control have their restructuring guidelines decided before the effective date of this Law and fall outside the cases specified in Clause 10 of this Article, the adjustment to guidelines and the development and approval of restructuring plans shall comply with regulations in sections 1, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1dd and 1e Chapter VIII of the Law on Credit Institutions No. 47/2010/QH12 amended by the Law No. 17/2017/QH14 on adjustment to guidelines and development and approval of plans.
Restructuring plans which have been approved before the effective date of this Law shall continue to be implemented. Amendments to such restructuring plans approved shall comply with regulations of this Law.
10. Regarding credit institutions that have their licenses revoked or do not carry out banking operations for 12 consecutive months before the effective date of this Law, the following regulations shall be applied:
a) If such credit institutions fall into dissolution cases in Article 202 of this Law, they shall be dissolved according to regulations of this Law and relevant laws;
b) If such credit institutions fall outside dissolution cases in Article 202 of this Law, they shall go bankrupt according to regulations in Article 203 of this Law and relevant laws;
11. From the effective date of this Law, shareholders, shareholders and their related persons that hold shares in excess of the limits specified in Article 63 of this Law may continue to maintain such holdings of shares but must not obtain more shares until regulations on holdings are complied with according to this Law, except for receipt of dividends in shares.
If the maximum permissible holdings of a major shareholder, a shareholder and their related persons at a commercial bank performing national defense tasks exceed the limits specified in Article 63 of this Law before the effective date of this Law, the holdings may remain unchanged in accordance with regulations in Clauses 2, 3 and 4 Article 55 of the Law on Credit Institutions No. 47/2010/QH12 amended by the Law No. 17/2017/QH14.
12. Credit institutions that are implementing restructuring plans decided by competent authorities before the effective date of this Law may continue to implement such plans until completion, except for the case specified in Clause 9 of this Article.
13. Microfinance programs and projects of socio-political organizations and non-governmental organizations that are being implemented before the effective date of this Law shall not have their operational organization adjusted according to regulations of this Law but regulations of the Government.
14. Any credit institution or foreign bank’s branch which has been issued with a license for factoring and letter of credit before the effective date of this Law may carry out activities specified in point d and point e Clause 3 Article 107, point e Clause 1 Article 114, Clause 6 Article 115, point dd Clause 1 Article 119, point a Clause 1 Article 120 and point g Clause 1 Article 124 of this Law without having to make any revision to the license.
15. Credit institutions, foreign bank branches, asset management companies affiliated to credit institutions, and Vietnam Asset Management Company (VAMC) established and operating in accordance with regulations of the Law on Credit Institutions that are entitled to transfer entire or partial real estate projects received as collateral before the effective date of this Law in order to collect debts are not required to meet the eligibility requirements to engage in real estate business to be satisfied by transferors of real estate business projects laid down in the law on real estate business but the following conditions shall be satisfied:
a) The transferred real estate projects shall meet conditions specified in points a, d, dd, g and h Clause 1 Article 40 of the Law on Real Estate Business No. 29/2023/QH15 and they shall obtain decisions on land allocation and land lease issued by competent authorities;
b) Transferees shall meet conditions specified in Clauses 2, 4 and 5 Article 40 of the Law on Real Estate Business No. 29/2023/QH15.
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