Chương I Luật Bảo hiểm xã hội 2014: Những quy định chung

Chapter I

GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 1. Scope of regulation

This Law provides for social insurance benefits and policies; the rights and responsibilities of employees and employers; agencies, organizations and individuals involved in social insurance, representative organizations of employee collectives and employers’ representative organizations; social insurance agencies; social insurance funds; and procedures for social insurance implementation, and state management of social insurance.

Article 2. Subjects of application

1. Employees being Vietnamese citizens shall be covered by compulsory social insurance, including:

a/ Persons working under indefinite-term labor contracts, definite-term labor contracts, seasonal labor contracts or contracts for given jobs with a term of between full 3 months and under 12 months, including also labor contracts signed between employers and at-law representatives of persons aged under 15 years in accordance with the labor law;

b/ Persons working under labor contracts with a term of between full 1 month and under 3 months;

c/ Cadres, civil servants and public employees;

d/ Defense workers, public security workers and persons doing other jobs in cipher organizations;

dd/ Officers and professional army men of the people's army; officers and professional non-commissioned officers and officers and technical non- commissioned officers of the people's public security; and persons engaged in cipher work and enjoying salaries like army men;

e/ Non-commissioned officers and soldiers of the people’s army; non- commissioned officers and soldiers on definite-term service in the people’s public security; army, public security and cipher cadets who are entitled to cost- of-living allowance;

g/ Vietnamese guest workers defined in the Law on Vietnamese Guest Workers;

h/ Salaried managers of enterprises and cooperatives;

i/ Part-time staffs in communes, wards and townships.

2. Employees who are foreign citizens working in Vietnam with work permits or practice certificates or practice licences granted by competent Vietnamese agencies shall be covered by compulsory social insurance under the Government’s regulations.

3. Employers covered by compulsory social insurance include state agencies, non-business units and people's armed forces units; political organizations, socio-political organizations, socio-politico-professional organizations, socio-professional organizations and other social organizations; foreign agencies and organizations, and international organizations operating in the Vietnamese territory; enterprises, cooperatives, individual business households, cooperative groups, and other organizations and individuals that hire or employ employees under labor contracts.

4. Persons covered by voluntary social insurance are Vietnamese citizens aged full 15 years or older and not defined in Clause 1 of this Article.

5. Agencies, organizations and individuals involved in social insurance.

The subjects defined in Clauses 1, 2 and 4 of this Article are below collectively referred to as employees.

Article 3. Interpretation of terms

In this Law, the terms below are construed as follows:

1. Social insurance means the guarantee to fully or partially offset an employee’s income that is reduced or lost due to his/her sickness, maternity, occupational accident, occupational disease, retirement or death, on the basis of his/her contributions to the social insurance fund.

2. Compulsory social insurance means a form of social insurance organized by the State in which employees and employers are required to participate.

3. Voluntary social insurance means a form of social insurance organized by the State in which a participant may select a premium rate and a method of premium payment suitable to his/her income and the State supports his/her payment of social insurance premiums for him/her to enjoy retirement and survivorship allowance benefits.

4. Social insurance fund is a financial fund which is independent from the state budget and set up by contributions from employees and employers and with the State's support.

5. Period of social insurance premium payment means a period counted from the time an employee starts paying social insurance premiums to the time he/she stops such payment. In case an employee pays social insurance premiums in interrupted periods, his/her period of social insurance premium payment is the total of such periods.

6. Relative means an insured’s natural child, adopted child, spouse, natural father, natural mother, adoptive father, adoptive mother, father-in-law or mother- in-law, or another family member whom the insured is obliged to nurture in accordance with the law on marriage and family.

7. Supplementary retirement scheme is a voluntary social insurance policy aiming to supplement the retirement benefits under compulsory social insurance, which is formed by contributions from employees and employers in the form of personal savings accounts, and preserved and accumulated through investment activities in accordance with law.

Article 4. Social insurance benefits

1. Compulsory social insurance covers the following benefits:

a/ Sickness;

b/ Maternity;

c/ Occupational accident and occupational disease;

d/ Retirement;

dd/ Survivorship allowance.

2. Voluntary social insurance covers the following benefits:

a/ Retirement;

b/ Survivorship allowance.

3. The supplementary retirement scheme shall be stipulated by the Government.

Article 5. Social insurance principles

1. Levels of social insurance allowances shall be calculated based on the social insurance premium rate, the premium payment period and the sharing among the insured.

2. The compulsory social insurance premium rate shall be calculated based on an employee’s monthly salary. The voluntary social insurance premium rate shall be calculated based on the monthly income selected by employees.

3. Employees who pay both compulsory and voluntary social insurance premiums are entitled to the retirement benefits and survivorship allowance benefits based on their period of social insurance premium payment. The period of social insurance premium payment already calculated for enjoying a lump-sum social insurance allowance shall not be included in the period used to calculate social insurance benefits.

4. The social insurance fund shall be managed in a centralized, uniform, public and transparent manner; used for proper purposes and independently accounted by component funds and groups of the insured subject to the state- prescribed salary benefits and the employer-decided salary benefits.

5. Social insurance shall be implemented in a simple, easy and convenient manner, promptly and fully ensuring the interests of the insured.

Article 6. State policies on social insurance

1. To encourage and create conditions for agencies, organizations and individuals to participate in social insurance.

2. To provide support for voluntary social insurance participants.

3. To protect the social insurance fund and take measures to preserve and develop the fund.

4. To encourage employers and employees to participate in the supplementary retirement scheme.

5. To prioritize investment in the development of information technology for social insurance management.

Article 7. Contents of state management of social insurance

1. To promulgate, and organize the implementation of, legal documents, strategies and policies on social insurance.

2. To propagate and disseminate policies and law on social insurance.

3. To perform statistical and information work on social insurance.

4. To organize the apparatus for social insurance implementation; to train human resources for social insurance work.

5. To manage the collection, payment, preservation, development and balancing of the social insurance fund.

6. To inspect and examine the observance of the law on social insurance; to settle complaints and denunciations and handle violations of the law on social insurance.

7. To carry out international cooperation on social insurance.

Article 8. State management agencies in charge of social insurance

1. The Government shall perform the unified state management of social insurance.

2. The Ministry of Labor, War Invalids and Social Affairs shall take responsibility before the Government for performing the state management of social insurance.

3. Ministries and ministerial-level agencies shall, within the ambit of their tasks and powers, perform the state management of social insurance.

4. Vietnam Social Security shall participate and coordinate with the Ministry of Labor, War Invalids and Social Affairs, the Ministry of Finance and People’s Committees of provinces and centrally run cities (below referred to as provincial-level People’s Committees) in managing the collection, payment, preservation, development and balancing of the social insurance fund.

5. People’s Committees at all levels shall perform the state management of social insurance within their localities as decentralized by the Government.

Article 9. Modernization of social insurance management

1. The State shall encourage investment in the development of advanced technologies and technical equipment for social insurance management and implementation.

2. By 2020, the national e-database on social insurance management shall be completely built and put into operation.

Article 10. Social insurance-related responsibilities of the Minister of

Labor, Invalids, and Social Affairs

1. To formulate strategies, master plans and plans on social insurance development.

2. To formulate policies and law on social insurance; to submit to competent state agencies for promulgation or promulgate within his/her competence legal documents on social insurance.

3. To develop and submit to the Government development targets for social insurance participants.

4. To propagate and disseminate policies and law on social insurance.

5. To direct, guide, and organize the implementation of, policies and law on social insurance.

6. To inspect, examine, handle violations and settle complaints and denunciations about social insurance, except those specified in Clause 2, Article 11 of this Law.

7. To submit to the Government for decision handling measures in cases of necessity to protect employees’ legitimate rights and interests related to social insurance.

8. To perform statistical and information work on social insurance.

9. To organize training in social insurance.

10. To organize scientific research and international cooperation on social insurance.

11. To annually report on the implementation of social insurance to the Government.

Article 11. Social insurance-related responsibilities of the Minister of Finance

1. To formulate and submit to competent state agencies for promulgation or promulgate within his/her competence financial management mechanisms for social insurance and expenses for social insurance management.

2. To inspect, examine, handle violations, and settle complaints and denunciations about financial management of social insurance.

3. To send annual reports on the management and use of social insurance funds to the Minister of Labor, War Invalids and Social Affairs for summarization and reporting to the Government.

Article 12. Social insurance-related responsibilities of People’s Committees at all levels

1. To direct and organize the implementation of policies and law on social insurance.

2. To set development targets for social insurance participants for inclusion in annual socio-economic development plans and submit them to same- level People’s Councils for decision.

3. To propagate and disseminate policies and law on social insurance.

4. To inspect, examine, handle violations, and settle complaints and denunciations about social insurance.

5. To propose to competent state agencies amendments and supplements to policies and law on social insurance.

Article 13. Social insurance inspection

1. The labor, war invalid and social affairs inspectorate shall perform the function of specialized inspection of the implementation of policies and law on social insurance in accordance with the inspection law.

2. The finance inspectorate shall perform the function of specialized inspection of financial management of social insurance in accordance with the inspection law.

3. Social insurance agencies shall perform the function of specialized inspection of the payment of social insurance, unemployment insurance and health insurance premiums in accordance with this Law and other relevant laws.

4. The Government shall detail this Article.

Article 14. Rights and responsibilities of trade union organizations and the Vietnam Fatherland Front and its member organizations

1. Trade union organizations have the following rights:

a/ To protect the lawful and legitimate rights and interests of insured employees;

b/ To request employers and social insurance agencies to provide information on employees’ social insurance;

c/ To supervise the implementation, and propose competent agencies to handle violations, of the law on social insurance;

d/ To initiate lawsuits at a court against violations of the law on social insurance which affect the lawful rights and interests of employees and employee collectives under Clause 8, Article 10 of the Trade Union Law.

2. Trade union organizations have the following responsibilities:

a/ To propagate and disseminate policies and law on social insurance to employees;

b/ To participate in inspecting and examining the implementation of the law on social insurance;

c/ To propose and participate in the elaboration, revision and supplementation of policies and law on social insurance.

3. The Vietnam Fatherland Front and its member organizations shall, within the ambit of their functions and tasks, conduct public information work and mobilize their members and people to implement policies and law on social insurance and proactively participate in social insurance in forms suitable to them and their families; participate in the protection of the lawful and legitimate rights and interests of their members; provide social counter-arguments for and join state agencies in the formulation of policies and law on social insurance; and supervise the implementation of policies and law on social insurance in accordance with law.

Article 15. Rights and responsibilities of employers’ representative organizations

1. Employers’ representative organizations have the following rights:

a/ To protect the lawful rights and interests of the insured employers;

b/ To propose competent state agencies to handle violations of the law on social insurance.

2. Employers’ representative organizations have the following responsibilities:

a/ To propagate and disseminate policies and law on social insurance to employers;

b/ To participate in examining and supervising the implementation of the law on social insurance;

c/ To propose and participate in the formulation, revision and supplementation of policies and law on social insurance.

Article 16. Reporting and audit benefits

1. Annually, the Government shall report to the National Assembly on the implementation of policies and law on social insurance, and the management and use of the social insurance fund.

2. Once every three years, the State Audit Office shall audit the social insurance fund and report on audit results to the National Assembly. At the request of the National Assembly, the National Assembly Standing Committee or the Government, the social insurance fund shall be audited unexpectedly.

Article 17. Prohibited acts

1. Shirking the payment of compulsory social insurance or unemployment insurance premiums.

2. Delaying the payment of social insurance or unemployment insurance premiums.

3. Appropriating social insurance or unemployment insurance premiums or allowances.

4. Falsifying or forging dossiers in the implementation of social insurance or unemployment insurance.

5. Illegally using the social insurance fund or unemployment insurance fund.

6. Causing obstacles or troubles to, or harming the lawful and legitimate rights and interests of, employees or employers.

7. Illegally accessing or exploiting the database on social insurance or unemployment insurance.

8. Making untruthful reports or providing inaccurate information or data on social insurance or unemployment insurance.

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