Chapter VII
WORKING HOURS, REST PERIODS
Section 1. WORKING HOURS
Article 105. Normal working hours
1. Normal working hours shall not exceed 08 hours per day or 48 hours per week.
2. An employer has the right to determine the daily or weekly working hours and inform the employees accordingly. The daily working hours shall not exceed 10 hours per day and not exceed 48 hours per week where a weekly basis is applied.
The State encourages employers to apply 40-hour workweeks.
3. Employers shall limit the time of exposure to harmful elements in accordance with relevant National Technical Regulations and laws.
Article 106. Working hours at night
Working hours at night is the period from 22 pm to 06 am.
Article 107. Overtime work
1. Overtime work is the duration of work performed at any other time than during normal working hours, as indicated in the law, collective bargaining agreement or internal labor regulations of an employer.
2. An employer has the right to request an employee to work overtime when all of the following conditions are met:
a) The employee agrees to work overtime;
b) The number of overtime working hours of the employee does not exceed 50% of the normal working hours in 01 day; in case of weekly work, the total normal working hours plus overtime working hours shall not exceed 12 hours in 01 day, and 40 hours in 01 month;
c) The total overtime working hours do not exceed 200 hours in 01 year, except for the cases specified in Clause 3 of this Article.
3. An employer must not request an employee to work overtime exceeding 300 hours in 01 year in the following fields, works, jobs and cases:
a) Manufacture, processing of textile, garment, footwear, electric, electronic products, processing of agricultural, forestry, aquaculture products, salt production;
b) Generation and supply of electricity, telecommunications, refinery operation; water supply and drainage;
c) Works that require highly skilled workers that are not available on the labor market at the time;
d) Urgent works that cannot be delayed due to seasonal reasons or availability of materials or products, or due to unexpected causes, bad weather, natural disasters, fire, hostility, shortage of power or raw materials, or technical issue of the production line;
dd) Other cases prescribed by the Government.
4. When organizing overtime work as prescribed in Clause 3 of this Article, the employer shall send a written notification to the provincial labor authority.
5. The Government shall elaborate this Article.
Article 108. Overtime working in special cases
In the following cases, an employer has the right to request any employee to work overtime on any day without limits on the overtime hours as prescribed in Article 107 of this Labor Code and the employee must not decline:
1. Execution of a conscription order for the purpose of national security or national defense as prescribed by law;
2. Performance of tasks necessary to protect human life or property of certain organizations or individuals in the prevention and recovery of natural disasters, fires, epidemics and disasters, unless those tasks threaten the employees’ health or life as prescribed by occupational safety and health laws.
Section 2. REST PERIODS
Article 109. Rest breaks during working hours
1. An employee who works for at least 06 hours per day under Article 105 of this Code shall be given a rest break of at least 30 consecutive minutes. In case of night work, the rest break shall be at least 45 consecutive minutes.
If a shift lasts at least 06 consecutive hours, the rest break will be included in the working hour.
2. In addition to the rest break prescribed in Clause 1 of this Article, the employer shall determine other short breaks and specify that in the internal labor regulations.
Article 110. Breaks between shifts
An employee who performs shift work is entitled to a break of at least 12 hours before beginning another shift.
Article 111. Weekly breaks
1. Each week an employee is entitled to a break of at least 24 consecutive hours. Where it is impossible for the employee to have a weekly day off due to the work cycle, the employer has the responsibility to ensure that on average the employee has at least 04 days off per month.
2. The employer has the right to determine and schedule the weekly breaks either on Sunday or for another fixed day in a week, which must be recorded in the internal labor regulations.
3. In case a public holiday falls on an employee’s weekly break coincide with a public holiday as prescribed in Clause 1 Article 112 of this Labor Code, he/she will have compensatory time-off on the next working days.
Article 112. Public holidays
1. Employees shall be entitled to fully paid days off on the following public holidays:
a) Gregorian Calendar New Year Holiday: 01 day (the 1st of January of the Gregorian calendar);
b) Lunar New Year Holidays: 05 days;
c) Victory Day: 01 day (the 30th of April of the Gregorian calendar);
d) International Labor Day: 01 day (the 1st of May of the Gregorian calendar);
dd) National Day: 02 days (the 2nd of September of the Gregorian calendar and the previous or next day);
e) Hung Kings Commemoration Day: 01 day (the 10th of the third month of the Lunar calendar).
2. Foreign employees in Vietnam are entitled to 01 traditional public holiday and 01 National Day of their country, in addition to the public holidays stipulated in Clause 1 of this Article.
3. The Prime Minister shall decide the specific public holidays mentioned in Point b and Point dd Clause 1 of this Article on an annual basis.
Article 113. Annual leave
1. Any employee who has been working for an employer for 12 months is entitled to fully-paid annual leave, which is stipulated in his/her employment contract as follows:
a) 12 working days for employees who work in normal working conditions;
b) 14 working days for employees that are minors, the disabled, employees who do laborious, toxic or dangerous works;
c) 16 working days for employees who do highly laborious, toxic or dangerous works.
2. An employee who has been working for an employer for less than 12 months will have a number of paid leave days proportional to the number of working months.
3. An employee who, due to employment termination or job loss, has not taken or not entirely taken up his/her annual leave shall be paid in compensation for the untaken leave days.
4. The employer has the responsibility to regulate the timetable for annual leaves after consultation with the employees and must give prior notice to the employees. An employee may reach an agreement with the employer on taking annual leave in instalments or combining annual leave over a maximum period of up to 03 years.
5. When an employee takes his/her annual leave before salary payment is due, he/she may receive an advance in accordance with Clause 3 Article 101 of this Labor Code.
6. When taking annual leave, should the employee travel by road, rail, water and the travel days, the traveling time in excess to 02 days will be added to the annual leave days, and this policy shall only be granted once for an annual leave in a year.
7. The Government shall elaborate this Article.
Article 114. Increased annual leave by work seniority
The annual leave of an employee as prescribed in Clause 1 Article 113 of this Code shall increase by 01 day for every 05 years of employment with the same employer.
Article 115. Personal leave, unpaid leave
1. An employee is entitled to take a fully paid personal leave in the following circumstances, as long as it is notified to the employer in advance:
a) Marriage: 03 days;
b) Marriage of his/her biological child or adopted child: 01 day;
c) Death of his/her biological or adoptive parent; death of his/her spouse’s biological or adoptive parent; death of spouse, biological or adopted child: 03 days.
2. An employee is entitled to take 01 day of unpaid leave and must inform the employer in the case of the death of his/her grandparent or biological sibling; marriage of his/her parent or natural sibling.
3. The employee may negotiate with his/her employer on taking unpaid leave other than the leave stipulated in Clause 1 and Clause 2 of this Article.
Section 3. WORKING HOURS AND REST PERIODS FOR EMPLOYEES WHO PERFORM WORK OF SPECIAL NATURE
Article 116. Working hours and rest periods for employees who perform work of special nature
In accordance with Article 109 of this Labor Code, relevant ministries and the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs shall discuss and agree upon working hours and rest periods special work in the areas of road, rail, water or air transportation; oil and gas exploration and extraction at sea; offshore work; in the fields of arts; use of radiation and nuclear engineering; application of high-frequency waves; information technology; research and application of technology; industrial design; diver’s work, work in mines; seasonal production work and processing of goods by order; and work that requires for 24/24 hours on duty, other works of special nature defined by the Government.
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