Chương VI Luật bảo vệ môi trường 2020: Quản lý chất thải và kiểm soát các chất ô nhiễm khác

Chapter VI

WASTE MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL OF OTHER POLLUTANTS

Section 1. GENERAL REGULATIONS ON WASTE MANAGEMENT

Article 72. Waste management requirements

1. General requirements for management of domestic solid waste, hazardous waste and normal industrial solid waste are as follows:

a) Waste must be managed during its generation, reduction, classification, collection, storage, transfer, transport, reuse, recycling, treatment and disposal;

b) Hazardous waste and normal industrial solid waste source owners shall reuse, recycle, treat and recover energy from such waste or transfer them to licensed facilities having appropriate environmental license;

c) Controlled industrial waste source owner shall identify whether waste is hazardous waste or normal industrial solid waste through the sample collection and analysis carried out by competent facilities in accordance with regulations of law. After the identification, industrial waste must be managed as prescribed by law;

d) Waste that satisfies standards and technical regulations applicable to raw materials, fuels and materials in accordance with regulations of law on quality of products and goods must be managed as the products and goods and is permitted to be used as raw materials, fuels and materials in production activities;

dd) Entities that transport domestic solid waste, hazardous waste and normal industrial solid waste subject to treatment shall transport waste to licensed facilities having appropriate environmental licenses or transfer them to other transporters to be transported to licensed facilities having an appropriate environmental license;

e) The management of radioactive waste shall comply with regulations of law atomic energy.

2. General requirements for waste management are as follows:

a) Wastewater must be collected and treated according to technical regulations on environment before being discharged into the receiving bodies;

b) It is advisable to reuse wastewater that satisfies environmental protection requirements and serves intended purposes;

c) Wastewater whose environmental parameters exceed the permissible levels must be managed in accordance with hazardous waste management;

d) The discharge of treated wastewater into the environment must be managed in accordance with regulations of law on environmental protection and relevant to the carrying capacity of receiving water bodies;

3. Exhaust gases must be collected and treated in accordance with environmental protection requirements.

4. Every entity that generates waste shall adopt resource- and energy-efficient solutions; use environmentally-friendly raw materials, fuels and materials and renewable energy; apply cleaner production technologies and programs, control environment and other measures to minimize waste generation; update information to the national environmental database upon transfer of hazardous waste and normal industrial solid waste subject to treatment to facilities having an appropriate environmental license.

5. The State shall introduce a policy to encourage private sector involvement in collection, transport, reuse, recycling and treatment of waste and recovery of energy from the treatment of waste; apply advanced and environmentally-friendly technologies for waste management and best available techniques in order to minimize and control the generation of secondary waste, minimize solid waste ending up buried; encourage the co-processing of waste and use of waste as substitute materials, fuels and materials.

6. The Minister of Natural Resources and Environment shall promulgate a list of hazardous waste, controlled industrial waste and normal industrial solid waste; technical requirements for environmental protection for vehicles transporting domestic solid waste, normal industrial solid waste and hazardous waste.

7. Provincial People’s Committees shall manage waste within their provinces; promulgate waste management regulations and implement policies to provide incentives and assistance for waste management as prescribed by law.

8. The Government shall elaborate the prevention, reduction, classification, collection, transport, reuse, recycling and treatment of waste.

Article 73. Reduction, reuse, recycling and treatment of plastic waste, prevention and control of ocean plastic waste pollution

1. Entities shall reduce, classify and dispose of waste that is single-use plastic products and non-biodegradable plastic packaging according to regulations; not discharge plastic waste directly into the systems for drainage of water to rivers, ponds, lakes, channels and oceans.

2. Plastic waste generated from marine tourism and services, maritime economy, extraction of oil and gas and marine mineral resources, aquaculture and commercial fishing must be collected, stored and transferred to facilities licensed for recycling and treatment.

3. Environmentally-friendly products, single-use plastic alternatives and non-biodegradable plastic packaging alternatives that have been certified are entitled to incentives and assistance as prescribed by law.

4. Plastic waste must be collected and classified for reuse, recycling or treatment purpose as prescribed by law. Unrecyclable plastic waste must be transferred to licensed facilities for treatment as prescribed. Plastic waste generated from economic activities at sea must be collected for reuse, recycling or treatment and must not be discharged into the sea.

5. The State shall encourage the reuse and recycling of plastic waste in service of production of goods and building materials and construction of traffic works; encourage the research and development of systems for collecting and treating plastic waste floating at sea and in the ocean; introduce policies to promote reuse and recycling of plastic waste.

6. Provincial People’s Committees shall organize the collection and treatment of plastic waste within their provinces; encourage the reduction of non-biodegradable plastic packaging and single-use plastic products; disseminate information about harmful effects of dumping of fishing gear into the sea and plastic waste on the ecosystem.

7. The Government shall introduce a roadmap for reducing production and import of single-use plastic products, non-biodegradable plastic packaging and products and goods containing microplastics.

Article 74. Environmental auditing

1. Environmental auditing means the systematic, comprehensive and effective consideration and assessment of environmental management and pollution control by businesses.

2. The environmental auditing shall focus on:

a) The use of energy, chemicals, raw materials and scrap imported from foreign countries as production materials;

b) Pollution control and waste management.

3. Businesses are encouraged to carry out environmental auditing themselves.

4. The Minister of Natural Resources and Environment shall provide technical guidance on environmental self-auditing by businesses.

Section 2. DOMESTIC SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

Article 75. Classification, storage and transfer of domestic solid waste

1. Domestic solid waste generated by households and individuals is classified as:

a) Reusable and recyclable solid waste;

b) Food waste;

c) Other domestic solid waste.

2. Provincial People’s Committees shall classify domestic solid waste specified in Point c Clause 1 of this Article within their provinces under the guidance of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment; introduce policies to encourage the classification of hazardous waste present in domestic solid waste generated by households and individuals.

3. Households and individuals in urban areas must contain the domestic solid waste already classified as prescribed in Clause 1 of this Article in packages for transfer as follows:

a) Reusable and recyclable solid waste shall be transferred to entities for reuse and recycling or facilities licensed for collection and transport of domestic solid waste;

b) Food waste and other domestic solid waste must be contained in packages as prescribed and transferred to facilities licensed for collection and transport of domestic solid waste; food waste may be used as organic fertilizers and animal feeds.

4. Households and individuals in rural areas that generate domestic solid waste and classify them as prescribed in Clause 1 of this Article shall manage them as follows:

a) Households and individuals are encouraged to make the most of waste food to be used as organic fertilizers and animal feeds;

b) Reusable and recyclable solid waste shall be transferred to entities for reuse and recycling or facilities licensed for collection and transport of domestic solid waste;

c) If not used as prescribed in Point a of this Clause, food waste shall be transferred to or facilities licensed for collection and transport of domestic solid waste;

d) Other domestic solid waste must be contained in packages as prescribed and transferred to facilities licensed for collection and transport of domestic solid waste.

5. Households and individuals in rural areas that produce domestic solid waste shall classify, contain and transfer domestic solid waste as prescribed in Clause 3 of this Article.

6. The classification, collection, transport and treatment of bulky waste shall comply with regulations imposed by provincial People’s Committees.

7. The Vietnamese Fatherland Front Committee and socio-political organizations at all levels shall encourage residential communities, households and individuals to classify domestic solid waste at source. Internal residential communities and socio-political organizations shall supervise the classification of domestic solid waste by households and individuals.

Article 76. Domestic solid waste aggregation points and transfer stations

1. There must be separate areas for different types of classified domestic solid waste at domestic solid waste aggregation points and transfer stations so as to avoid mix-ups.

2. People’s Committees at all levels shall reserve land area for aggregation points and transfer stations in accordance with environmental protection according to the regulations imposed by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment.

Article 77. Collection and transport of domestic solid waste

1. People’s Committees at all levels shall select facilities for collection and transport of domestic solid waste through bidding in accordance with regulations of law on bidding. In case of failure to make a selection through bidding, the method of order placement or task assignment shall be adopted as prescribed by law.

2. Facilities collecting and transporting domestic solid waste are entitled to refuse to collect and transport households and individuals’ domestic solid waste that is not classified or contained in inappropriate packages and notify competent authorities as prescribed by law, except for the case where households and individuals use packages intended for other domestic solid waste as prescribed in Point c Clause 1 Article 75 of this Law.

3. Facilities collecting and transporting domestic solid waste shall cooperate with communal People’s Committees, residential communities and representatives of residential areas in determining time, places, frequency and routes for collecting domestic solid waste, and make them publicly available.

4. Facilities collecting and transporting domestic solid waste must use equipment and vehicles appropriately designed for each type of Domestic solid waste and satisfy environmental protection requirements in accordance with the regulations imposed by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment; domestic solid waste must be transported in compliance with regulations on routes and time of operation adopted by prescribed by the provincial People's Committee.

5. Households and individuals shall transport classified domestic solid waste to aggregation points as prescribed or transfer them to facilities collecting and transporting domestic solid waste.

6. Investment project owners, owners, management boards of new urban areas, high-rise apartment buildings and office buildings must provide equipment and works for storage of domestic solid waste suitable for waste types specified in Clause 1 Article 75 of this Law; organize the collection of waste from households and individuals and transfer them to facilities collecting and transporting domestic solid waste.

7. Communal People’s Committees shall:

a) inspect the compliance with regulations of law on environmental protection regarding collection and transport of domestic solid waste; take actions against violations of regulations on domestic solid waste management within their power; consider and handle feedback and comments of organizations, residential communities, households and individuals involved in collection and transport of domestic solid waste;

b) preside over and cooperate with facilities collecting and transporting domestic solid waste, residential communities and socio-political organizations in determining time, places, frequency and routes for collecting domestic solid waste;

c) instruct households and individuals to transfer domestic solid waste to facilities in charge of collection and transport or aggregation points as prescribed; instruct residential communities to supervise and make publicly available cases of failure to comply with regulations on domestic solid waste classification and collection.

Article 78. Domestic solid waste treatment

1. The State shall encourage and provide incentives for entities involved in investment in and provision of domestic solid waste treatment services; encourage co-processing of domestic solid waste.

2. People’s Committees at all levels shall select domestic solid waste treatment facilities through bidding in accordance with regulations of law on bidding. In case of failure to make a selection through bidding, the method of order placement or task assignment shall be adopted as prescribed by law.

3. Domestic solid waste treatment providers must fulfill environmental protection requirements as prescribed by this Law. It is not recommended to make investment in domestic solid waste treatment providers that cover only one commune.

4. Domestic solid waste must be treated using appropriate technologies and satisfying technical regulations on environment. The Government shall provide for a roadmap for restricting treatment of domestic solid waste using direct landfill disposal technology.

5. The Minister of Natural Resources and Environment shall promulgate criteria for domestic solid waste treatment technologies; provide guidelines for domestic solid waste treatment models in urban and rural areas.

6. Provincial People’s Committees shall formulate planning and reserve land area for domestic solid waste treatment facilities, promptly transfer land to build and operate domestic solid waste treatment facilities within their provinces; provide funding for construction and operation of systems for collection, storage, transfer, transport and treatment of domestic solid waste treatment; works, measures and public equipment serving domestic solid waste management within their provinces.

Article 79. Costs of collection, transport and treatment of domestic solid waste

1. Charges for domestic solid waste collection, transport and treatment services payable by households and individuals shall be calculated as follows:

a) The charges shall be calculated in accordance with regulations of law on prices;

b) The charges vary by quantity or volume of the classified waste;

c) If solid waste is reusable and recyclable and hazardous waste is classified, households and individuals are not required to pay charges for collection, transport and treatment services.

2. Any household or individual that fails to classify or correctly classify domestic solid waste as prescribed in Points a and b Clause 1 Article 75 of this Law must pay charges for collection, transport and treatment services as other types of domestic solid waste.

3. Organizations, businesses, dedicated areas for production, business operation and service provision and industrial clusters that generate waste from their daily and office activities in small quantities prescribed by the Government are entitled to manage domestic solid waste as prescribed in Article 75 of this Law or Clause 4 of this Article.

4. Organizations, businesses, dedicated areas for production, business operation and service provision and industrial clusters that generate waste from their daily and office activities in large quantities prescribed by the Government must transfer it to a facility licensed for waste recycling, reuse and treatment or to a facility collecting and treating waste with appropriate vehicles and equipment to be transported to the facility licensed for waste recycling, reuse and treatment.

5. The Minister of Natural Resources and Environment shall provide guidance on method for determining charges for domestic solid waste treatment services; provide for economic and technical norms for collection, transport and treatment of domestic solid waste; provide technical guidance on classification of domestic solid waste; provide guidelines for implementation of Clause 1 of this Article.

6. Provincial People’s Committees shall elaborate the management of domestic solid waste of households and individuals within their provinces; impose specific charges for domestic solid waste collection, transport and treatment services; promulgate specific provisions on method of payment of charges and charges for domestic solid waste collection, transport and treatment services payable by households and individuals according to the quantity or volume of the classified waste.

7. The regulation set out in Clause 1 of this Article and Clause 1 Article 75 of this Law must be implemented by December 31, 2024.

Article 80. Environmental remediation and improvement in domestic solid waste landfills

1. Closed and unsanitary domestic solid waste landfills must be remediated and improved in accordance with environmental protection requirements.

2. Every owner of project on investment in or facility managing a domestic solid waste landfill has the responsibility to:

a) improve landscape and take measures to prevent environmental pollution after closure of a landfill;

b) organize monitoring of environmental changes in the landfill from the date on which the landfill closure is completed and notify the provincial specialized environmental protection as prescribed;

c) complete the environmental remediation and improvement, prepare a dossier and transfer the landfill to a competent authority.

3. The Government shall provide incentives and encourage entities to invest in environmental remediation and improvement in Domestic solid waste landfills.  

4. The Minister of Natural Resources and Environment shall provide guidelines for closure of Domestic solid waste landfills.

5. Provincial People’s Committees shall provide resources and funding for environmental improvement and remediation in landfills managed by the State and unauthorized landfills within their provinces.

Section 3. NORMAL INDUSTRIAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

Article 81. Classification, storage and transport of normal industrial solid waste

1. Normal industrial solid waste (“NISW”) shall be classified into the following groups:

a) NISW reused and recycled as production materials;

b) NISW in compliance with standards, technical regulations and technical guidance used in production of building materials and leveling;

c) NISW subject to treatment.

2. Owners of businesses, dedicated areas for production, business operation and service provision, industrial clusters and organizations that produce NISW shall classify NISW at source as prescribed in Clause 1 of this Article; store NISW without causing environmental pollution. Unclassified NISW must be managed as the waste specified in Point c Clause 1 of this Article.

3. NISW containing hazardous waste that has not been classified or cannot be classified must be managed in accordance with hazardous waste management regulations.

4. Classified NISW must be stored separately without being mixed with hazardous waste; without release of dust and leakage of wastewater into the environment; with appropriate equipment and tools and in appropriate storage areas in accordance with regulations laid down by the Minister of Natural Resources and Environment.

5. NISW must be transported in accordance with the following requirements:

a) NISW must be contained in equipment and tools to avoid leakage during transport, except for the case where the waste in large quantity must be contained in equipment or tank of the transport vehicle;

b) Classified NISW must be transported separately prescribed;

c) The vehicle used for transporting NISW subject to treatment must have a GPS tracking device meeting technical requirements and comply with regulations on routes and time of operation adopted by the provincial People's Committee.

Article 82. Treatment of NISW

1. Businesses, dedicated areas for production, business operation and service provision, industrial clusters and organizations that produce NISW must reuse, recycle, recover energy from and treat NISW or transfer it to the following entities:

a) Manufacturing establishments directly using NISW as production materials and for production of building materials or leveling, which is licensed to operate as prescribed by law;

b) Manufacturing establishments licensed for waste co-processing;

c) Facilities licensed for NISW treatment;

d) Facilities transporting NISW, which have signed a transfer contract with the entity in Points a, b or c of this Clause.

2. NISW treatment service providers must comply with environmental protection requirements in accordance with regulations of this Law.

3. Every owner of NISW treatment service provider has the following responsibilities:

a) Ensure that systems, vehicles and equipment in service of storage and treatment of NISW, including preliminary processing, reuse, recycling, co-processing, treatment of and recovery of energy from NISW in accordance with technical requirements and management process as prescribed;

b) If the provider produces hazardous waste, responsibilities of the hazardous waste source owner shall be assumed;

c) Submit periodic or ad hoc reports on NISW generation and treatment at the request of the competent authority;

d) make a record on transfer of NISW subject to treatment for each transfer; prepare a logbook recording operation of systems, vehicles and equipment in service of NISW treatment including preliminary processing, reuse, recycling, co-processing and recovery of energy from NISW; a logbook recording quantity of products recycled or recovered from NISW (if any).

4. Every entity that generates NISW subject to treatment is entitled to recycle, treat, co-process or recover energy from NISW itself/himself/herself if the following requirements are met:

a) Use technologies, environmental protection works and equipment available within the facility generating NISW and satisfy environmental protection requirements as prescribed;

b) Conform to the decision on approval of EIAR appraisal result and environmental license;

c) Do not build any new incinerator or landfill to treat NISW, except for the case where contents regarding solid waste management in relevant planning are conformable with.

Section 4. HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT

Article 83. Declaration, classification, collection, storage and transport of hazardous waste

1. Every hazardous waste source owner has the responsibility to:

a) specify quantity and type of hazardous waste in the application for issuance of the environmental license or environmental registration contents;

b) identify, classify, collect and separately store hazardous waste and not to mix it with non-hazardous waste, avoid causing environmental pollution;

c) reuse, recycle, treat, co-process and recover energy himself/herself in accordance with regulations of law or transfer hazardous waste to facilities having an appropriate environmental license.

2. Hazardous waste must be stored in accordance with the following requirements:

a) Classified hazardous waste must be stored separately;

b) Hazardous waste must not be mixed with normal waste;

c) The storage must not result in release of dust or leakage of liquid waste into the environment;

d) Hazardous waste shall be only stored for a given period of time as prescribed by law.

3. When transported, hazardous waste must be contained and transported using appropriate equipment and vehicles to waste treatment facilities. The vehicle used for transporting hazardous waste must have a GPS tracking device and comply with regulations on routes and time of operation adopted by the provincial People's Committee.

4. Entities permitted to transport hazardous waste include:

a) Hazardous waste source owner that has appropriate vehicles and equipment satisfying technical requirements and management process in accordance with regulations of law on environmental protection;

b) Environmental license holders licensed to treat hazardous waste in conformity with the type of waste to be transported.

5. The Minister of Natural Resources and Environment shall provide technical guidance on and forms used for declaration, classification, collection, and storage of hazardous waste; provide guidance on vehicles and equipment for storage, transport, prevention of and response to incidents during the transport and treatment of hazardous waste; provide guidance on registration and transboundary movements of hazardous waste under the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal.

Article 84. Hazardous waste treatment

1. Hazardous waste must be treated using appropriate technologies and complying with regulations of law on environmental protection.

2. The State shall encourage and provide incentives to entities involved in investment in and provision of hazardous waste treatment services; encourage the investment in hazardous waste treatment service providers at regional level; encourage the co-processing of hazardous waste.

3. Every hazardous waste treatment service provider must satisfy the following requirements:

a) The national environmental protection planning or planning containing contents regarding hazardous waste treatment is conformed to, except for the case of hazardous waste co-processing;

b) Safe environmental distance is maintained as prescribed;

c) It is required to appraise and comment on the hazardous waste treatment technology in accordance with regulations of law on technology transfer; the application of environmentally-friendly technologies, best available techniques and combined waste treatment and waste-to-energy technologies is encouraged;

d) The environmental license is available;

dd) Personnel in charge of environmental protection majoring in environment or suitable field is available;

e) An appropriate process for safe operation of special-purpose technologies, vehicles and equipment is available;

g) There is an environmental management plan containing contents regarding pollution control and waste management; occupational safety and health; environmental emergency prevention and response; annual training; environmental monitoring program; assessment of efficiency in hazardous waste treatment; environmental improvement and remediation plan;

h) pay deposits on environmental protection as prescribed in Article 137 of this Law if the waste burial is carried out.

4. The Minister of Natural Resources and Environment shall promulgate criteria applied to hazardous waste treatment technologies; provide guidelines for implementing Point g Clause 3 of this Article.

5. The provincial People’s Committee shall organize implementation of the planning containing contents regarding hazardous waste treatment; shall not impose restrictions on collection of hazardous waste produced in another province for treatment by hazardous waste treatment service providers located within its province.

Article 85. Responsibilities of owners of hazardous waste treatment service providers

Every owner of hazardous waste treatment service provider has the responsibility to:

1. satisfy all requirements specified in Clause 3 Article 84 of this Law.

2. collect, transport, receive and handle quantity and types of hazardous waste in accordance with the issued environmental license.

3. ensure that systems, vehicles and equipment for storage and treatment of hazardous waste satisfy technical requirements and management process as prescribed.

4. assume responsibilities of the hazardous waste source owner if the hazardous waste is generated from the operating process but fails to be treated.

5. register with the authority issuing the environmental license within his/her power to obtain approval if wishing to transport the hazardous waste not mentioned in his/her environmental license to the another qualified owner of hazardous waste treatment service provider in accordance with the Government’s regulations.

6. prepare, use, archive and manage documents concerning hazardous waste, hazardous waste management reports, documents and logbooks related to hazardous waste management as prescribed.

7. make publicly available and provide information about types and quantity of hazardous waste collected and treated, and treatment methods; information about name and address of the owner of collected and treated hazardous waste source and other environmental information that needs to be made publicly available and provided as prescribed in Article 114 of this Law.

Section 5. WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT

Article 86. Collection and treatment of wastewater

1. Every new urban area, new high density residential area, business, dedicated area for production, business operation and service provision and industrial cluster must have a wastewater collection and treatment system separated from the rainwater drainage system, except for special cases prescribed by the Government.

2. Wastewater of an urban area or high density residential area shall be managed as follows:

a) Domestic wastewater generated from organizations and households must be collected and connected to the wastewater collection and treatment system;

b) Wastewater generated from production, business operation and service provision in an urban area must be collected and undergo preliminary treatment before being connected to the urban wastewater collection and treatment system; preliminarily treated wastewater must comply with regulations of the urban area or high density residential area or regulations of the local authority;

c) Wastewater generated from production, business operation and service provision in an urban area that fails to have a centralized wastewater treatment work must be collected and treated in accordance with environmental protection requirements before being discharged into a receiving body.

3. Wastewater generated from production, business operation and service provision shall be managed as follows:

a) Wastewater produced by a business in a dedicated area for production, business operation and service provision or industrial cluster must be collected and preliminarily treated before being connected to the industrial wastewater collection and treatment system at the request of the investor in construction of the dedicated area for production, business operation and service provision or industrial cluster to ensure that wastewater is treated in accordance with environmental protection requirements;

b) If wastewater produced by a business located outside an urban area, high density residential area, dedicated area for production, business operation and service provision or industrial cluster cannot be connected to the wastewater collection and treatment system, it must be collected and treated in accordance with environmental protection requirements before being discharged into a receiving body.

4. Wastewater generated from organizations and households in a low density residential area must be collected and treated on the spot in accordance with environmental protection requirements before being discharged into receiving bodies.

5. Provincial People’s Committees shall:

a) invest in and encourage investment in construction of wastewater collection and treatment systems in urban areas and high density residential areas within their provinces by the State in accordance with regulations of law;

b) introduce a roadmap for reserving land area, investing in or encouraging investment in construction of wastewater collection and treatment systems in urban areas and high density residential areas if a wastewater collection and treatment system is not available;

c) introduce a roadmap and assistance policy in order for organizations and households in urban areas and high density residential areas to build works and install equipment for in situ wastewater treatment in accordance with environmental protection requirements before being discharged into receiving bodies in case of failure to reserve land area for construction of wastewater collection and treatment systems in urban areas and high density residential areas established before the effective date of this Law;

d) introduce a roadmap and policy for provision of assistance in collection and in situ treatment of domestic wastewater produced by organizations, households and low density residential areas.

6. The Minister of Natural Resources and Environment shall provide guidance on technologies and techniques for in situ wastewater treatment.

7. The Minister of Construction shall provide guidance on technical infrastructural facilities serving wastewater collection and drainage in urban areas and high density residential areas specified in this Article.

Article 87. Wastewater treatment system

1. A wastewater treatment system must satisfy the following requirements:

a) Its technology conforms to type and characteristics of wastewater to be treated;

b) Its capacity is relevant to the maximum volume of wastewater generated;

c) Wastewater is treated in accordance with environmental protection requirements;

d) Wastewater treatment works are operated in accordance with technical process;

dd) An environmental emergency prevention and response plan is tailored for the wastewater treatment system; the discharge point must have coordinates and be marked with signs to facilitate inspection and supervision of discharge.

2. Sewage sludge from the wastewater treatment system must be managed in accordance with regulations of law on solid waste management; sewage sludge whose hazardous elements exceed the permissible limits must be managed in accordance with regulations of law on hazardous waste management.

Section 6. MANAGEMENT OF DUSTS, EXHAUST GASES AND OTHER POLLUTANTS

Article 88. Management and control of dusts and emissions

1. Any entity that produces dusts and exhaust gases must control and treat dusts and/or exhaust gases during its production, business operation and service provision in accordance with technical regulations on environment. Dusts whose hazardous elements exceed the permissible limits must be managed in accordance with regulations of law on hazardous waste management.

2. Vehicles, machinery, equipment, constructions that produce dust and/or exhaust gases must have filters, covers, or other parts to minimize exhaust gases and reduce dusts in accordance with technical regulations on environment.

3. Ministries and ministerial agencies concerned shall provide guidelines for prevention, inspection, supervision and treatment of sources of dusts and exhaust gases that cause air pollution.

Article 89. Management and control of noise, vibration, light, radiation and unpleasant odors

1. Any entity that creates noise, vibration, light and/or radiation must take measures to control and treat them in accordance with technical regulations on environment and radiation.

2. Entities in residential areas that create noise, vibration, light, radiation and unpleasant odors must take measures to minimize them to avoid affecting residential communities.

3. Managers of the routes with heavy traffic that produces noise, vibration, light and radiation must take measures to minimize them in accordance with technical regulations on environment.

4. It is prohibited to manufacture, import, transport, sell and use firecrackers. The Prime Minister shall decide the manufacture, import, transport, sale and use of firework.

Bài viết liên quan