Chương III Thông tư 33/2018/TT-BNNPTNT kiểm kê theo dõi diễn biến rừng: ĐIỀU TRA RỪNG

Chapter III

FOREST SURVEYS

Section 1. SPECIALIZED FOREST SURVEYS

Article 9. Specialized forest survey duties, processes and implementation

1. Specialized forest surveys focus on forest area; forest stock; forest structure; forest growth; forest regeneration; non-timber forest products; geographical formation; forest ecosystem diversity; forest vegetation system; forest vertebrate fauna; forest insects, pests and diseases.

2. Specialized forest survey processes:

a) Performing preparatory activities, including preparing the proposal and cost estimate; providing necessary materials and equipment; collecting and processing images, maps and other related materials; determining the sample size commensurate with survey requirements; designing survey samples on maps;

b) Conducting field surveys, including designing field survey samples; collecting data and objects from survey samples; carrying out supplementary investigations into forest condition plots used for drawing forest condition maps and other specialized maps (if any); carrying out field survey quality inspection, surveillance and acceptance testing;

c) Carrying out internal processing and calculation activities, including editing and perfecting forest status maps and specialized maps (if any); selecting mathematical statistics software and approaches, processing and calculating forest area, indices measuring forest quality, geological formation and biodiversity; analyzing, compiling and preparing reports on forest investigation results and other specialized reports; carrying out the inspection and acceptance testing of quality of specialized forest survey achievements.

3. Implementation of specialized forest surveys:

a) Specialized forest surveys shall be implemented according to laws;

b) Bodies making decisions on specialized forest survey projects shall be responsible for approving and publishing survey results.

Article 10. Forest area survey

1. Subject matters of the forest area survey:

a) Investigation into area of primary natural forests and secondary natural forests;

b) Investigation in area of earthen mountain forests, rocky mountain forests, flooded forests and dune forests;

c) Investigation into area of planted forests specific to tree species and age class;

d) Investigation into regenerative cultivation area, newly forestation areas which have not yet become forests and others used for forest protection and growth;

dd) Investigation into area of forest conditions specific to forest owners and administrative units.

2. Forest area survey approaches:

a) Investigating into forest area specific to forest condition plots;

b) Interpreting remote sensing images; drawing maps with annotation of forest status by using specialized software;

c) Conducting supplementary field surveys into forest condition plots;

d) Editing and perfecting forest status maps and measuring area of forest condition plots by using dedicated software.

3. Achievements obtained from forest area surveys and assessments:

a) Forest status maps specified in survey requirements in compliance with laws on maps;

b) Original survey data and those data compiled by using Forms No. 04, 05 and 08 in the Appendix II hereto;

c) Reports on forest condition survey and assessment results.

Article 11. Forest stock survey

1. Subject matters of the forest stock survey:

a) Investigation into timber stock of natural forests and planted forests;

b) Investigation into bamboo stock of natural forests and planted forests;

c) Investigation into timber and bamboo stocks of timber – bamboo mixed forests and bamboo – timber mixed forests.

2. Forest stock survey approaches:

a) Using standardized typical-pattern grid cells arranged in a random or systematic manner, each of which covers an area of 1,000 m², with respect to conditions of natural forest covering an area of greater than 2,000 ha;

b) Using standardized typical-pattern grid cells covering an area of between 500 m² and 1,000 m², with respect to condition of natural forests covering an area of less than 2,000 ha; providing between 0.01% and 0.1% of their area for sampling;

c) Using standardized typical-pattern grid cells appropriate for specific forest conditions (e.g. tree species and age class) covering an area of between 100 m² and 500 m² with respect to planted forests; providing between 0.01% and 0.05% of their area for sampling;

d) Carrying out surveys into timber and bamboo trees, including: determining name of tree species, attributes, total tree height and diameter at 1.3 m in height; in case where it is necessary to calculate the lost forest stock, measuring diameter at 1.3 m in height with respect to plants already felled but remaining in place, and measuring diameters of roots left after trees are felled;

dd) Using equipment necessary for quick surveys into forest stock;

e) Using charts and forms of stock and output make ready for searching;

g) Using dedicated processing software and mathematical survey approaches for measurement of forest stock.

3. Forest stock survey achievements:

a) Original survey data, charts and forms showing forest stock using Forms No. 01, 02, 03, 06, 07 and 09 in the Appendix II hereto;

b) Reports on forest stock survey and assessment results.

Article 12. Forest structure survey

1. Subject matters of the forest structure survey:

a) Forest stand average indices, including diameter at 1.3 m in height, total tree height, basal area and stand stock;

b) Forest composition;

c) Tree density;

d) Canopy layers;

dd) Canopy cover;

e) Diameter distribution of trees;

g) Height distribution of trees;

h) Height – diameter relationship.

2. Forest structure survey approaches:

a) Using standardized typical-pattern grid cells covering an area of 2,000 m² for investigating forest structures;

b) Calculating and collecting data for the following indices, such as forest tree names, diameters at 1.3 m in height, total tree height, bole height, crown diameter; drawing longitudinal and cross section plans of timber layers at 1/100 scale;

c) Using mathematical methods and software for calculating forest stand average indices specified in clause 1 of this Article.

3. Forest structure survey achievements:

a) Original survey data, charts and forms compiled from forest structure survey results by using Forms No. 01, 10 and 29 in the Appendix II hereto;

b) Longitudinal and cross section plans of the spatial forest structure;

c) Reports on forest structure survey and assessment results.

Article 13. Forest growth survey

1. Subject matters of the forest growth survey:

a) Annual regular growth pattern;

b) Periodic regular growth pattern;

c) Periodic average growth pattern;

d) General average growth pattern;

dd) Growth rate;

e) Investigation into growth of individual trees, including tree diameter, height, trunk shape and tree volume;

g) Investigation into forest stand growth, including forest stand density, average stand diameter, average stand height, basal area and stand stock.

2. Forest growth survey approaches:

a) Individual tree survey approaches, including bole analysis, growth boring, repeated measurement over time and use of growth models in several trees;

b) Stand growth survey approaches, including formulation of positioning cells intended for carrying out growth counting surveys on forest stand indices over years; these approaches applied to the case in which planted forests are subject to growth surveys according to land classes;

c) Forest growth measurement approaches mentioned in a, b, c, d and dd of clause 1 of this Article that are subject to regulations set out in the Form No. 11 of Appendix II hereto.

3. Forest growth survey achievements:

a) Original survey data and charts and forms showing forest growth survey results using Forms No. 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16 in the Appendix II hereto;

b) Reports on forest growth survey and assessment results.

Article 14. Forest regeneration survey

1. Subject matters of the forest regeneration survey:

a) Names of regeneration tree species;

b) Regeneration tree height;

c) Regeneration tree origin;

d) Regeneration tree density;

dd) Regeneration tree composition;

e) Regeneration tree distribution level;

g) Regeneration tree quality;

h) Regeneration tree and timber layer relationship;

i) Potential regeneration tree ratio.

2. Forest regeneration survey approaches:

a) Using standardized typical-pattern grid cells for counting regeneration trees growing within standardized typical-pattern grid cells for timber surveys, positioning cells or areas of forest regeneration cultivation;

b) Collecting information, counting data included in indices specified in points a, b, c, e and g of clause 1 of this Article;

c) Using mathematical statistics and software for calculating data for indices linked to regeneration tree average height, average density of regeneration trees, groups of regeneration trees having the same quality standards and other indices specified in points dd, h and i of clause 1 of this Article.

3. Forest regeneration survey achievements:

a) Original survey data, charts and forms compiled from forest regeneration survey results by using Forms No. 01, 10 and 29 in the Appendix II hereto;

b) General reports showing potential regeneration trees made by using the Form No. 19 of Appendix II hereto;

c) Reports on forest regeneration survey and assessment results.

Article 15. Non-timber forest product survey

1. Subject matters of the non-timber forest products:

a) Fiber products, including bamboo, rattan, those species with leaves and trunks containing fiber and grasses;

b) Food products of botanical origin, including trunks, buds, stumps, bulbs, foliage, flowers, fruits, nuts, spices, oilseeds and mushrooms;

c) Products used for formulating pharmaceutical and cosmetic products of botanical origin;

d) Extract products, including resins, oleoresins, latex, tannins, dyes, fatty oils and essential oils;

dd) Other non-timber forest products.

2. Non-timber forest product survey approaches:

a) The survey into the species composition is conducted by using typical-pattern survey lines or standardized typical-pattern grid cells in order to identify all of non-timber forest products existing in a survey line or standardized cell;

b) The area survey is conducted by using approaches specified in clause 2 of Article 10 herein in order to investigate area of natural forests producing non-timber forest products; making statistics of and overlaying maps showing non-timber forest trees growing as an addition to area of planted non-timber forests;

c) With regard to the stock survey, if non-timber forest products are parts of timber trees, the approach specified in clause 2 of Article 11 herein may be employed; in case of non-timber forest products of other botanical origin, the survey may be conducted by forming standardized grid cells counting all of individual non-timber forest products, identifying usable parts and crop production of each tree as a basis to measure annual stock and potentiality; in case of non-timber forest products of botanical origin, the survey may be conducted by forming survey lines and interviewing residents to determine usable parts and annual crop production as a basis to calculate stock of forests producing non-timber products.

3. Non-timber forest product survey achievements:

a) Original survey data, charts and forms showing non-timber forest product survey results using Forms No. 03, 07, 20, 21 and 22 in the Appendix II hereto;

b) Non-timber forest product distribution map;

c) Report on non-timber forest product survey and assessment results.

Article 16. Geological formation survey

1. Subject matters of the geological formation survey:

a) Class-1 geological formation survey;

b) Class-2 geological formation survey;

c) Class-3 geological formation survey;

d) Forest land survey;

dd) Level of specificity of class-1, class-2 or class-3 geological formation and forest land survey indices, subject to regulations laid down in the Form No. 23 of Appendix II hereto.

2. Geological formation survey approaches:

a) Using standardized grid cells, each of which covers an area of between 100 to 200 m²; describing geological formation factors, including landform, terrain, climate, hydrographical conditions and surface cover;

b) Excavating soil, describing land profile and analyzing physiological and chemical indices specified in the Form No. 23 and 24 of Appendix II hereto;

c) Overmapping.

3. Geological formation survey achievements:

a) Class-1, class-2 and class-3 geological formation maps prescribed by law on maps;

b) Original survey data systems, charts and forms compiled from land analysis results;

c) Geological formation map interpretations.

Article 17. Individual tree survey

1. Subject matters of the individual tree survey:

a) Tree trunk shape survey, including normal and natural taper functions of tree trunks;

b) Survey into lying trees or parts of tree trunks, including diameter, length (or height) of tree trunk and tree volume (with or without barks);

c) Standing tree survey, including diameter at 1.3m in height, stump diameter, crown diameter, total tree height, bole height, tree volume (with or without barks) and tree qualities;

d) Survey into stumps of felled trees, including diameter and height.

2. Individual tree survey approaches:

a) Using measurement instruments specially designed for forest surveys to directly measure standing tree trunks or parts and stumps of felled trees;

b) Determining the normal taper function by analyzing a tree trunk to calculate the net tree volume and make comparison with the volume of a circular cylinder whose diameter is equal to the diameter at 1.3 m in height of a tree trunk and the height of a circular cylinder equal to the length of a tree trunk;

c) Determining the natural taper function by analyzing a tree trunk to calculate the net tree volume and make comparison with the volume of a circular cylinder whose diameter is equal to the diameter at 1/10 m in height from the tree stump and the height equal to the length of a tree trunk;

d) Calculating the volume of part of a lying tree by using the formula for calculating the volume of the part of the lying tree or the round tree log by multiplying the average girth and the length of the lying tree or the round tree log;

dd) Volume of a standing tree indirectly calculated by the formula: V = G.H.F (where: V denotes the tree volume; G denotes the tree girth; H denotes the tree height; F denotes the taper function) or using charts of volumes and models of calculation of volumes made available for access to and determination of standing tree volumes;

e) Crown diameters of trees measured through the vertical projection of canopy covering an area of ground or the plan giving the cross sectional view of the area of canopy according to the shape and distribution of such trees within a forest stand;

g) Assessing qualities of standing trees through observing their morphological and growing condition in order to rate good, average and poor.

3. Individual tree survey achievements:

a) Data obtained from counting or collection processes, charts and forms compiled from individual tree survey and calculation results by using Forms No. 25 and 29 in the Appendix II hereto;

b) Reports on individual tree survey and assessment results.

Article 18. Forest biodiversity survey

1. Subject matters of the forest biodiversity survey:

a) Forest vegetation area survey;

b) Survey into basic characteristics of forest ecosystem, including fauna, flora, geographical, topographical, climatic, hydrographical and other human impact factors;

c) Survey into structures of other ecosystems, including natural or man-made water surfaces, mats of grasses and herbs, bushes and other biotopes.

2. Forest biodiversity survey approaches:

a) Using the forest status map according to point a of clause 3 of Article 10 herein to identify forest vegetation types;

b) Using the standardized typical-pattern grid cell covering an area of 2,000 m² for investigating forest vegetation types, describing characteristics stipulated in point b and c of clause 1 of this Article.

3. Forest biodiversity survey achievements:

a) Forest ecosystem map representing distribution boundaries of vegetation types defined according to map laws;

b) Reports with forest biodiversity interpretations.

Article 19. Vegetation diversity survey

1. Subject matters of the vegetation diversity survey:

a) Surveying vegetation components, including vascular and non-vascular vegetation;

b) Compiling the nomenclature of plant species;

c) Determining geographic factors in forest vegetation;

d) Determining forms of life of forest vegetation;

dd) Determining functions of forest vegetation;

e) Surveying distribution of endangered, precious and rare forest plants.

2. Forest vegetation survey approach:

a) Using typical-pattern survey lines running past elevation belts, landforms and different forest conditions; determining all of existing plant species; recording forms of life and functions of plants according to the Form No. 27 of Appendix II hereto; determining the distribution of endangered, precious and rare forest plants by marking them on maps or by means of locators installed along survey lines and interviewing local inhabitants;

b) Collecting plant specimens and making descriptions thereof according to the Form No. 28 in Appendix II hereto.

3. Forest vegetation survey achievements:

a) Nomenclature of plants compiled according to the Form No. 29 of Appendix II hereto;

b) Nomenclature of endangered, precious and rare plants;

c) Maps showing the distribution of endangered, precious and rare plants;

d) Forest plant specimens;

dd) Reports on results of forest vegetation diversity survey and assessment.

Article 20. Vertebrate diversity survey

1. Subject matters of the vertebrate diversity survey:

a) Conducting surveys and producing directories of animals;

b) Conducting surveys and producing directories of birds;

c) Conducting surveys and producing directories of reptiles and amphibians;

d) Conducting surveys and producing directories of fish species;

dd) Surveying niches, distribution of vertebrates and producing directories of endangered, precious and rare plants.

2. Vertebrate survey approaches:

a) Using typical lines and points representing biotopes; directly observing and counting the number of individuals, herds and herd structures with respect to large ones and herd’s habitats; recognizing animal sounds or singing voices; recognizing particular traces; using camera traps; adopting the form to be completed by vertebrate survey data according to the Form No. 30 of Appendix II hereto; collecting specimens and making descriptions according to the Form No. 31 of Appendix II hereto;

b) Surveying samples and traces remaining at rural or mountainous villages, and interviewing local residents.

3. Vertebrate diversity survey achievements:

a) Directories of forest animals compiled according to the Form No. 32 of Appendix II hereto;

b) Directories of endangered, precious and rare animals;

c) Maps showing the distribution of endangered, precious and rare animals;

d) Specimens of forest animals and description notes of specimens;

dd) Reports on vertebrate survey and assessment results.

Article 21. Forest insect, pest and disease survey

1. Subject matters of the forest insect, pest and disease survey:

a) Surveying forest insects, including composition of species, density and distribution of insects;

b) Compiling directories of forest insects;

c) Compiling directories of endangered, precious and rare forest insects;

d) Surveying and forecasting forest pests and diseases;

dd) Collecting specimens of forest insects, pests and diseases.

2. Forest insect, pest and disease survey approaches:

a) Using standardized grid cells, each of which covers an area of 2,500 m²; in each grid cell, establishing systematic survey lines to survey flying insects, establishing 1-square-meter standardized grid cells to survey soil insects, use typical plants for surveying plant insects, pests or diseases; keeping record of forest insect survey data by using the Form No. 33 of Appendix II hereto; collecting specimens and describing forest insects, pests and diseases by using the Form No. 34 of Appendix II hereto;

b) Using typical patterns of survey lines to collect data and specimens of forest pests and diseases.

3. Achievements of the forest insect, pest and disease survey:

a) Directories of forest insects compiled according to the Form No. 35 of Appendix II hereto;

b) Directories of forest pests and diseases;

c) Directories of endangered, precious and rare forest insects;

d) Specimens of insects, pests and diseases, and description notes;

dd) Reports on forest insect survey and assessment results;

e) Reports on pest and disease survey and forecast results.

Article 22. Biomass and forest carbon stock survey

1. Subject matters of the biomass and forest carbon stock survey:

a) Surveying live plant biomass, including aboveground and underground tree parts;

b) Surveying carbon stocks, including carbon stored in live biomass prescribed in point a of this clause; carbon contained in dead trees or decomposition layers; carbon contained in soil.

2. Biomass and forest carbon stock survey approaches:

a) Forming standardized grid cells as prescribed in point a and b of clause 2 of Article 11 herein for the purposes of collecting numeric data about biomass and carbon stocks;

b) Collecting survey samples, including samples of timber trees, regeneration trees, bushes, living layers, vines, decomposition or decay layers and underground tree parts, used for directly calculating carbon stocks;

c) Collecting soil samples and analyzing carbon stored in soil;

d) Measuring carbon stocks by employing the method of using survey samples for direct computation specified in point b of this clause or the method of indirect conversion of biomass under point a of this clause.

3. Achievements of the biomass and forest carbon stock survey: Reports on biomass and carbon stock survey and assessment results.

Section 2. CYCLIC FOREST SURVEYS AND ASSESSMENTS

Article 23. Tasks, processes and implementation of cyclic forest surveys and assessments

1. Tasks involved in cyclic forest surveys and assessments

In view of managerial objectives and requirements, tasks of cyclic forest surveys shall be subject to the following specific regulations:

a) Forest area survey shall be subject to clause 1 of Article 10 herein;

b) Forest stock survey shall be subject to clause 1 of Article 11 herein; non-timber forest product survey shall be subject to clause 1 of Article 15 herein; carbon stock survey shall be subject to point b of clause 1 of Article 22 herein;

c) Forest structure survey shall be subject to clause 1 of Article 12 herein;

d) Forest growth survey shall be subject to clause 1 of Article 13 herein;

dd) Forest regeneration survey shall be subject to clause 1 of Article 14 herein;

e) Survey into bush and living layer structures;

g) Geological formation survey shall be subject to clause 1 of Article 16 herein;

h) Forest biodiversity survey shall be subject to clause 1 of Article 18 herein;

i) Forest plant diversity survey shall be subject to clause 1 of Article 19 herein;

k) Forest vertebrate diversity survey shall be subject to clause 1 of Article 20 herein;

l) Survey into forest insects, pests and diseases shall be subject to clause 1 of Article 21 herein.

2. Processes of cyclic forest surveys and assessments:

a) Preparatory activities, including formulating cyclic forest survey and assessment plans; proposing and adopting technical methods for carrying out forest survey and assessments; preparing necessary materials and equipment; collecting data on the forest survey and assessment in the previous cycle; designing the cluster of cells and forest ecosystem positioning cells on maps; interpreting satellite images for drawing of forest status maps;

b) Conducting field surveys, including designing the cluster of cells and ecosystem positioning cells at field sites; collecting data and objects from the cluster of cells and positioning cells; carrying out supplementary investigations for the purpose of drawing forest condition maps prior to production of forest status maps; carrying out inspection, surveillance and acceptance testing of quality of field surveys;

c) Carrying out internal processing and calculation activities, including editing and perfecting forest status maps; selecting mathematical statistics software and methods, processing and calculating forest area, indices measuring forest quality, topographical formation and biodiversity; analyzing, compiling and preparing reports on cyclic forest survey results; carrying out the inspection and acceptance testing of quality of cyclic forest survey achievements;

d) Establishing and updating cyclic forest survey and assessment data systems.

3. Implementation of cyclic forest surveys and assessments:

a) Vietnam Administration of Forestry requests the Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development to approve investment policies, schemes and cost estimates for implementation of cyclic forest surveys and assessments on a nationwide scale;

b) Specialized bodies are assigned to carry out technical tasks according to the method specified in Article 24 herein;

c) Vietnam Administration of Forestry supervises implementation and acceptance testing of results obtained from implementing such surveys and assessments on an annual basis; completing documentation submitted to the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development to seek its approval after end of each survey cycle;

d) Survey cycle and disclosure of survey results shall be subject to clause 2 of Article 33 in the Law on Forestry.

Article 24. Cyclic forest survey and assessment approaches

1. Cyclic forest area survey is conducted by using the approach specified in clause 2 of Article 10 herein.

2. Forest quality survey is conducted according to the cluster of cells:

a) On all of forest areas and non-forest areas, establishing a grid of square meshes (8 km x 8 km) on each of which a cluster of cells is arranged;

b) In each cluster of cells, establishing 5 count cells in the L shape; the distance between count cells is 150 m; each count cell covers an area of 1,000 m²;

c) On a quinquennial basis, surveying and collecting data from cell clusters, including data of indices linked to forest stocks according to survey approaches prescribed in point d and g of clause 2 of Article 11 herein; data of indices linked to forest regeneration according to survey approaches specified in clause 2 of Article 14 herein; determining non-timber forest species and non-timber forest stocks as provided in point c of clause 2 of Article 15 herein; determining composition of species, measuring height and cover canopy of bushes and live layers; surveying forest carbon stocks by employing survey approaches specified in point b, c and d of clause 2 of Article 22 herein.

3. Forest quality survey is conducted by using national grids of cells for positioning national forest ecosystems:

a) Selecting 10% of positions of meshes (8 km x 8 km) typical for forest types according to elevation belts, ecological subzones and ecological zones for establishment of national grids of cells for positioning ecosystems of national forests, each of which covers an area of 100 ha;

b) In each ecosystem positioning cell, establishing 3 study cells, each of which covers an area of 01 ha;

c) On a quinquennial basis, surveying and collecting data for ecosystem positioning cells, including the following data and activities: forest stock, regeneration, non-timber forest products, bushes, live layers and forest carbon stock, subject to provisions laid down in point c of clause 2 of this Article; forest structure according to survey approaches specified in point b and c of clause 2 of Article 12 herein; forest growth according to survey approaches referred to in clause 2 of Article 13 herein; geological formation according to survey approaches referred to in point b of clause 2 of Article 16 herein; forest biodiversity according to survey approaches referred to in clause 2 of Article 18 herein; using forest status maps subject to point a of clause 3 of Article 10 herein for categorizing forest vegetation patterns and describing basic characteristics of forest ecosystems; plant diversity according to survey approaches specified in clause 2 of Article 19 herein; forest vertebrate diversity according to survey approaches specified in clause 2 of Article 20 herein; using study cells for conducting surveys into forest insects, pests and diseases according to survey approaches specified in point a of clause 2 of Article 21 herein.

d) At intervals between the 5-year cycle, reviewing and updating information about variations in forest owners, forest areas and other information subject to changes resulting from external impacts occurring in cells for positioning of ecosystems of national forests.