Chương IV Thông tư 25/2019/TT-BTNMT hướng dẫn Nghị định 40/2019/NĐ-CP dịch vụ quan trắc môi trường: Công bố danh mục sản phẩm, dịch vụ thân thiện với môi trường; tiêu chí lựa chọn, thẩm định công nghệ xử lý chất thải rắn sinh hoạt; đóng bãi chôn lấp chất thải rắn sinh hoạt

Chapter IV

PUBLISHING OF ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY PRODUCTS AND SERVICES; CRITERIA FOR SELECTING AND APPRAISING DOMESTIC SOLID WASTE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES; SHUTDOWN OF DOMESTIC SOLID WASTE LANDFILLS

Section I. PUBLISHING OF ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY PRODUCTS AND SERVICES

Article 18. Publishing of list of Vietnam green label certified environmentally friendly products and services

The Vietnam Environment Administration shall publish the list of Vietnam green label certified environmentally friendly products and services on its website.

Article 19. Mutual recognition of environmentally friendly products and services certification

The Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment shall sign and publish contents of the mutual recognition agreement on environmentally friendly products and services certification with domestic and foreign eco-label certification bodies.

Section II. CRITERIA FOR SELECTING AND APPRAISING DOMESTIC SOLID WASTE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES

Article 20. Criteria for selecting, assessing and publishing domestic solid waste treatment technologies

1. Criteria for selecting technologies for domestic solid waste treatment:

a) Regarding technology:

- Origin of the machinery, equipment and technology lines; technology diagram; priority shall be given to the technologies that have been assessed and appraised by the competent authority that they comply with standards and technical regulations on environment and satisfy to conditions in Vietnam;

- Level of mechanization and automation; ability to expand and increase the capacity;

- Advancement and preeminence of the domestic solid waste treatment technologies: the technologies shall be on the list of technologies (encouraged for transfer, restricted from transfer or banned from transfer) in accordance with regulations on technology transfer;

- Conformity of standards and regulations on manufacturing of machinery, equipment and technology lines with Vietnam’s national technical regulations (QCVN) or national standards (TCVN) or G7 countries' standards for safety, energy saving and environmental protection;

- Ability to treat domestic solid waste with different properties;

- Synchronization of equipment on the technology lines for treatment of waste constituent, ability to use and replace domestic parts and accessories, local content of the technologies and equipment;

- Simplicity in operation of treatment technologies, service life and durability of technologies and equipment;

- Ability to combine with other technologies for domestic solid waste treatment: burning, composting and burial;

b) Regarding the environment and society:

- Compliance with environmental standards and technical regulations on gases and wastewater generated from the treatment of domestic solid waste;

- Saving the land used, aesthetics and perceptions of domestic solid waste treatment technologies;

- Ability to use local and domestic less-contaminating raw materials, fuels and materials;

- Preliminary processing of domestic solid waste prior to its treatment;

- Recovery of valuable components found in domestic solid waste;

- Recovery of energy during the treatment of domestic solid waste;

- Ability to reuse domestic solid waste or generate useful products after treatment;

- Impacts on environment, ecosystem and human during the operation of domestic solid waste treatment technologies and products after treatment;

- Level of environmental risks and capacity for response and remediation in case of technical errors;

- Capacity for adaptation, conformity and replication of domestic solid waste treatment technologies with local natural and socio-economic conditions;

- Capacity and level of training and participation of local laborers during the period of developing and operating domestic solid waste treatment technologies;

c) Regarding economy;

- The treatment costs must be relevant to the solvency of local governments or must not exceed the treatment costs published by the competent authority;

- Ability to sell products generated from the recycling of domestic solid waste treatment;

- Potentials and economic value derived from recycling of waste, energy and useful products generated after treatment of domestic solid waste;

- Market demand; quality standards applied to products after treatment;

- Suitability of technologies for the investment project's objectives and requirements and types of domestic solid waste to be treated;

- Suitability of costs of equipment development and installation; operation costs (expressed as m³/tonne); maintenance and repair costs.

2. Appraisal and assessment of domestic solid waste treatment technologies:

a) The Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment shall appraise and assess domestic solid waste treatment technologies encouraged to be applied in Viet Nam in accordance with regulations on science and technology and technology transfer;

b) Regarding domestic solid waste treatment projects or projects involving domestic solid waste treatment, the environmental protection authority or specialized environmental protection authority shall appraise and assess domestic solid waste treatment technologies in accordance with regulations on appraisal of technologies of investment projects, technology transfer and relevant regulations of law.

3. Publishing of domestic solid waste treatment technologies:

a) After the appraisal is done, the technologies that have satisfied environmental protection requirements in accordance with regulations on technology transfer and the completion of environmental protection works have been confirmed in accordance with regulations of law shall be included in a list;

b) After issuing confirmations of completion of environmental protection works to domestic solid waste treatment projects, the authority inspecting and confirming completion of environmental protection works shall submit a report on assessment of domestic solid waste treatment technologies used for such projects to the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment;

c) According to results of confirmation of completion of environmental protection works, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment shall promulgate, update the list of domestic solid waste treatment technologies and publish it on the website of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment.

Section III. PROCEDURES FOR SHUTDOWN OF DOMESTIC SOLID WASTE LANDFILLS

Article 21. Procedures for shutdown of domestic solid waste landfills

1. A sanitary domestic solid waste landfill shall be shut down in the following cases:

a) The domestic solid waste landfill has reached its capacity approved by the competent authority;

b) The domestic solid waste landfill owner fails to keep operating the domestic solid waste landfill and fails to transfer the domestic solid waste landfill;

c) The domestic solid waste landfill is shut down at the request of the competent authority.

2. 10 working days before the shutdown of the landfill, its owner shall send a notification of the date of shutdown to the provincial specialized environmental protection authority.

3. Procedures for shutdown of a domestic solid waste landfill:

a) The domestic solid waste landfill must have a topsoil covered with clay or HDPE plastic or equivalent material of over 30%, ensuring that it maintains standard humidity and is carefully compacted with a thickness greater than or equal to 60cm. The slope from the foot to the top of the landfill is between 3% and 5%, ensuring proper drainage, no landslide and subsidence. The following activities should be carried out:

- Cover the liner consisting of sand with a thickness of 50 to 60 cm;

- Cover the soil layer with a thickness of 20 to 30 cm;

- Grow grass and green trees;

b) If the domestic solid waste landfill has multiple cells, it is required to close each cell according to the procedures specified in Point a of this Clause;

c) Within 6 months from the date of shutdown of the domestic solid waste landfill, its owner shall submit a report on the status of the domestic solid waste landfill to the authority approving environmental impact assessment reports. The report shall contain at least:

- Operation, effectiveness and capacity of all works in the domestic solid waste landfill, including waterproofing system of the domestic solid waste landfill, leachate collection and treatment system, surface water and groundwater management system, gas collection system, groundwater quality monitoring system and other environmental protection works in accordance with applicable regulations (if any);

- Results of monitoring of quality of wastewater, groundwater and gases from the domestic solid waste landfill;

- Environmental remediation, improvement of landscape of the domestic solid waste landfill and pollution control measures for the coming years;

- Topographic map of the domestic solid waste landfill, which is drawn after its shutdown;

- The shutdown of the domestic solid waste landfill will be certified completed if environmental components generated from the landfill shutdown satisfy the technical regulation on environment;

d) After the shutdown, do not allow people and animals to enter freely, especially on the landfill top where gases are amassed. Safety signs and instructions must be available in the landfill.

Article 22. Reuse of domestic solid waste landfills

1. Upon formulating planning for use and design of a domestic solid waste landfill, it is required to consider the possibility of reusing the domestic solid waste landfill after its shutdown.

2. In order to reuse the domestic solid waste landfill, its owner shall carry out survey and assessment of relevant environmental factors. If results thereof are satisfactory, the domestic solid waste landfill can be reused.

3. Pending the reuse of the domestic solid waste landfill, its owner shall keep treating leachate and gases in accordance with regulations.

4. After the shutdown of the domestic solid waste landfill, its owner shall:

a) monitor environmental changes at monitoring stations;

b) re-draw the topographic map of the domestic solid waste landfill;

c) submit sufficient reports on operation of the domestic solid waste landfill and propose pollution control measures for the coming years.

5. Domestic solid waste landfill transfer procedures shall be followed so that competent authorities and units may keep managing and re-using it.

6. Upon reuse of the domestic solid waste landfill, gas vents must be carefully checked. If there is no differential between the gas vent pressure and the atmospheric pressure and the gas concentration is not greater than 5%, it is allowed to carry out leveling.

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