Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 6 to 12.

Since water is the basis of life, composing the greater part of the tissues of all living things, the crucial problem of desert animals is to survive in a world where sources of flowing water are rare. And since man’s inexorable necessity is to absorb large quantities of water at frequent intervals, he can scarcely comprehend that many creatures of the desert pass their entire lives without a single drop.

Uncompromising as it is, the dessert has not eliminated life but only those forms unable to withstand its desiccating effects. No moist-skinned, water–loving animals can exist there. Few large animals are found: the giants of the North America desert are the deer, the coyote, and the bobcat. Since desert country is open, it holds more swift–footed, running, and leaping creatures than the tangled forest. Its populations are largely nocturnal, silent, filled with reticence, and ruled by stealth. Yet they are not emaciated. Having adapted to their austere environment, they are as healthy as animals anywhere in the world.

The secret of their adjustment lies in a combination of behavior and physiology. None could survive if, like mad dogs and Englishmen, they went out in the midday sun; many would die in a matter of minutes. So most of them pass the burning hours asleep in cool, humid burrows underneath the ground, emerging to hunt only by night. The surface of the sun-baked desert averages around 150 degrees, but 18 inches down the temperature is only 60 degrees.

What is the topic of the passage?

The word “they” in paragraph 3 refers to____.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 5.

SHE STUDIES WHILE HE PLAYS: TRUE OF CHILDREN AND CHIMPS

Chimpanzees in the wild like to snack on termites, and youngsters learn to fish for them by pocking long sticks and other (1)........tools into the mounds that large groups of termites build. Researchers found that (2)............average female chimps in the Gombe National Park in Tanzania learned how to do termite fishing at the age of 31 months, more than two years earlier than the males.

The females seem to learn by watching their mothers. Researcher Dr. Elisabeth V. Lonsdorf, director of field conservation at the Lincoln Park Zoo in Chicago, said that it is (3).............to find that, when a young male and female are near a mound, ‘she’s really focusing on termite fishing and he’s spinning himself round (4)...........circles’. Dr Landsdorf and colleagues are studying chimpanzees at the zoo with a new, specially created termite mound, filled with mustard (5).......than termites.

When she _____ at the new dress for half part an hour, she asked how much it_____

She always complained ___ her parents ___ how small her room was or how few clothes she had.

If we cannot save (A) the forests in their original (B) state, we must save enough (C)to preserve them as living burgeon ecosystem (D)

I decided _________ the dictionary you told me about.

I have had a toothache for one week but I still keep _____ going to the dentist.

The police have not found the robbers yet and the bank robbery is still under ____

The word “inception” in line 8 is closest in meaning to ____.

Tropical (A) rain forests are founded (B) in a (C)belt around the Equator of (D) the Earth.

____ umbrella should not be used during ______ thunderstorm.

She hasn’t had a _____ week. She seems to have done nothing at all.

It is very (A) difficult for (B) her to prevent (C) him for smoking (D) in her house.

The author states that one characteristic of animals that live in the desert is that they ____.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.