What are industrial robots like?

Nutritious disorders can affect any system in the body and the senses of sight, taste and smell.

My favorite hobby is watching the work_______by Shakespeare.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

The word "robot" first appeared in a 1921 stage play by Czech writer Karel Capek. In the play, a man makes a machine that can think, which he calls a robot and which ends up killing its owner. In the 1940s, the American science fiction writer, Isaac Asimov, wrote a series of stories about robots and invented the term "robotics", the science of robots. Meanwhile, in the real world, the first robots were developed by an engineer, Joseph F.Engelberger, and an inventor, George C. Devol. Together they started Unimation, a manufacturing company that produced the first real robot in 1961, called the Unimate. Robots of this type were installed at a General Motors automobile plant and proved to be a success. They worked reliably and saved money for General Motors, so other companies were soon acquiring robots as well.

These industrial robots were nothing like the terrifying creatures that can often be seen in science fiction films. In fact, these robots looked and behaved nothing like humans. They were simply pieces of computer-controlled machines, with metal "arms" or "hands". Since they were made of metal, they could perform certain jobs that were difficult or dangerous for humans, particularly jobs that involve high heat. And since robots were tireless and never got hungry, sleepy, or distracted, they were useful for tasks that would be tiring or boring for humans. Industrial robots have been improved over the years, and today they are used in many factories around the world. Though the use of robots has meant the loss of some jobs, at the same time other jobs have been created in the design, development, and production of the robots.

Outside of industry, robots have also been developed and put into use by governments and scientists in situations where humans might be in danger. For example, they can be sent in to investigate an unexploded bomb or an accident at a nuclear power plant. Researchers also use robots to collect samples of hot rocks or gases in active volcanoes. In space exploration, robots have performed many key tasks where humans could not be present, such as on the surface of Mars. In 2004, two robotic Rovers, small six-wheeled computerized cars,were sent to Mars.

When did the word "robot" appear?

I do not mind your using my bike____you take care of it.

What does the word “they” in paragraph 2 refer to?

Two thirds of the victims in the tsunami has remained missing.

Which of these statements is TRUE about Karel Capek?

What can be inferred from the passage about robots?

Which of the following best paraphrases the sentence in bold in the first paragraph?

I will call and tell you something interesting____.

Sue and Mike are talking about the use of mobile phone in class.

- Sue: "Students should not be allowed to use mobile phones in class."

- Mike: " ______. This will distract them from studying"

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks

Cultural beliefs differ as to whether directness or indirectness is considered positive. In the mainstream American culture, the ideal (31) _____of communication includes being direct rather than indirect ( "ideal" here means that the culture values this style, although not everyone speaks directly). There are several expressions in English (32)______ emphasize the importance of being direct: "Get to the point! Don't beat around the bush! Let's get down to business!" These sayings all indicate the importance of dealing directly with issues rather than avoiding them. One way to determine whether a culture favors a direct or indirect style in communication is to find out how the people in that culture express disagreement or how they say. "No". In Japan, there are at least fifteen ways of saying "No", without actually saying the word. (33) _____, in some countries, there are different ways to disagreement. For example, it would be considered rude to say directly "I disagree with you" or "You're wrong."

(34) ____Americans believe that "honesty is the best policy" and their communication style reflects this.

Honesty and directness in communication are strongly related. It is not a(n)(35)_______, then, to find out that cultural groups misjudge each other based on different beliefs about directness and honesty in communication.

In the mainstream American culture, the ideal (31) _____of communication includes being direct rather than indirect

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges.

Two friends Mai and Nam are talking about Nam's new cell phone.

- Mai: "Wow, I've never seen such a nice cell phone, Nam."

-Nam: “_________”

The bank will insist you produce a driving _____or passport as a form of ID.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions.

My husband always gives me a hand with repairing the broken things in my house.