According to many researchers, which mainly causes much aggression in children’s sports?

Vitamin C ______ by the human body. It gets into blood stream quickly.

______ at the party, all her classmates had left.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

When you are in a restaurant, you can raise your hand slightly to show that you need assistance.

Many women prefer to use cosmetics to enhance her beauty and make them look younger.

                           A                     B                           C               D

A lot of people used to send ______ cards to their friends at Christmas.

Vietnam exports a lot of rice. It is grown mainly in the south of the country.

In many cultures, old people are often ______by their children.

According to the passage, people who live in joint families often ______.

In order to do a profit, the new leisure centre needs at least 2000 visitors a month.

                         A          B                                              C                                 D

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.

In many modern countries, people think of a family as a mother, a father and their children. But this is not the only kind of the family group. In some parts of the world, a family group has many other members. This kind of large family is called an "extended family" or a "joint family".

The joint family includes all living relatives on either the mother's or the father's side of the family. It is made up of grandparents, parents, brothers, sisters, uncles, aunts, and cousins. They live together in a large house or in huts built close together.

Early people probably lived in joint families. They had to be part of a large group in order to survive. The members of the group helped each other hunt. They worked together to protect themselves from dangerous animals and other enemies.

In China, people lived in joint families. When a son married, he and his 'wife lived at his parents' home. Unmarried daughters remained at home until they married. Chinese children felt very loyal to their parents. Younger members of the joint families always took care of the old ones.

In India and Africa, some people still live in joint families. The members of a joint family share their earnings and property. If one member of the group becomes ill or has bad luck, the others help the person. As in the past, the members of the joint family offer each other help and protection.

What is the main idea of the passage?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 36 to 42.

People think children should play sports. Sports are fun, and playing with others. However, playing sports can have negative effects on children. It may produce feelings of poor self-esteem or aggressive behavior in some children. According to research on kids and sports, 40,000,000 kids play sports in the US. Of these, 18,000,000 say they have been yelled at or called names while playing sports. This leaves many children with a bad impression of sports. They think sports are just too aggressive.

Many researchers believe adults, especially parents and coaches, are the main cause of too much aggression in children’s sports. They believe children copy aggressive adult behavior. This behavior is then further reinforced through both positive and negative feedback. Parents and coaches are powerful teachers because children usually look up to them. Often these adults behave aggressively themselves, sending children the message that winning is everything. At children’s sporting events, parents may yell insults at other players or cheer when their child behaves aggressively. As well, children may be taught that hurting other players is acceptable or are pushed to continue playing even when they are injured. In addition, the media makes violence seem exciting. Children watch adult sports games and see violent behavior replayed over and over on television.

As a society, we really need to face up to this problem and do something about it. Parents and coaches should act as better examples for children. They also need to teach children better values. They should teach children to enjoy themselves whether they win or not. It’s not necessary to knock yourself out to enjoys sports. Winning isn’t everything. In addition, children shouldn’t be allowed to continue to play when they are injured. Sending a child with an injury into a game gives the child the message that health isn’t as important as winning. If we make some basic changes, children might learn to enjoy sports again.

(Adapted from Reading Challenge 2 by Casep Malarcher and Andrea Jansen)

Which of the following could be the main idea of passage?

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

It's not polite to ask Americans questions about their age, marriage or income.