Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word orphrasethat best fits eachof the numbered blanks from 6 to 10.

Children (6) _______appear intelligent and have normal sight and hearing may nevertheless have learning disability such as dyslexia, difficulty in reading; dysgraphia, difficulty in writing; dyscalculia, difficulty with numbers; and auditory-memory problem that (7) _______the child from remembering what has just been said. Considered an "invisible" (8) ) _______ , such learning disabilities can be detected by alert parents before the children go to school. (9) _______  the child at about thirty months is not developing normal language skills, something is amiss. A child who cannot do puzzles or put pegs in holes lacks perceptual-motor skills. Kindergarteners should (10)______the ABCs. First-graders may commonly reverse their letters, writing ad or ab, but if they are still doing this at the start of second grade, they should be tested for learning disabilities. Proper and early treatment is essential.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word orphrasethat best fits eachof the numbered blanks from 1 to 5. More than two hundred years ago, the term “environmental pollution” was quite strange to people. They lived healthily, drank (1)_____ water and breathed fresh air. In those days, industry was not well-developed. Nowadays, the situation is quite different. The world today is faced with many (2)_____ threats. People all over the world are worried (3)______ things that are happening to the environment. Actually, it is man (4)______ is destroying the surroundings with many kinds of wastes from the devices that makes human live more comfortable and convenient. Everybody knows that motorbikes and cars emit dangerous gases that cause poisonous air and cancer, but no one wants to travel on foot or by bicycle. Manufactures know that wastes from factories make water and soil polluted, but they do not want to spend a lot of their money on (5)_____ the wastes safely. Scattering rubbish is bad for our health, but no one wants to spend time burying it. Is it worth talking a lot about pollution?

Educators and parents here believe that these breaks are a powerful engine of learning that improves almost all the “metrics” that (48) _____ most for children in school – executive function, concentration and cognitive focus, behavior, well-being, attendance, physical health, and yes, test scores, too.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 46 to 50.

Children (46) ______ this and other Finland public schools are given not only basic subject instruction in maths, language and science, but learning-through-play-based preschools and kindergartens, training in second languages, arts, crafts, music, physical education, ethics, and, amazingly, as many as for outdoor free-play breaks per day, each (47) ______ 15 minutes between classes, no matter how cold or wet the weather is. Educators and parents here believe that these breaks are a powerful engine of learning that improves almost all the “metrics” that (48) _____ most for children in school – executive function, concentration and cognitive focus, behavior, well-being, attendance, physical health, and yes, test scores, too.

The homework load for children in Finland varies by teacher, but is lighter overall than most other developed countries. This insight is supported by research, (49) _______ has found little academic benefit in childhood for any (50) ______ than brief sessions of homework until around high school.

Queues are generally respected; especially in crowded train and subway stations (45)_____ the huge volume of people causes touching and pushing.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 41 to 45.

That was the task that faced 14 volunteers when they started out on a bed-rest experiment being conducted (37) the European Space Agency.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 36 to 40.

Many people enjoy lying in bed in the morning, but can you imagine having to spend 90 days in bed? Could you stand the boredom and the frustration of not being (36) to get up? That was the task that faced 14 volunteers when they started out on a bed-rest experiment being conducted (37) the European Space Agency.

The study had a serious purpose: to investigate the changes that take place in the human body during long-duration spaceflight. Lying in a horizontal position was the best way of (38) weightlessness. The aim was to         discover what effect period of weightlessness will have on the health of astronauts spending several months on the International Space Station. The volunteers ate their meals, took showers and underwent medical tests without ever sitting up.

That's even tougher than it sounds, especially when you (39) that no visitors were permitted. However, each volunteer did have a mobile phone, as well as access to the latest films, computer games and music. Surprisingly, Everyone was in a good (40) at the end of the 90 days. I would do it again,’ said one of the volunteers. It was disorientating, but we knew we were ‘contributing to medical research and space exploration.’

Colleagues normally use the family names, and title - for example 'Doctor' or 'Professor', so you shouldn't use first names (35) _______ a person asks you to.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.

In Germany, it's important to be serious in a work situation. They don't mix work and play so you shouldn't make jokes (31)_____ you do in the UK and USA when you first meet people. They work in a very organized way and prefer to do one thing at a time. They don't like·interruptions or (32)_______ changes of schedule. Punctuality is very important so you should arrive on time for appointments.At meeting, it's important to follow the agenda and not interrupt (33)_______ speaker. If you give a presentation, you should focus (34)_______ facts and technical information and the quality of your company's products. You should also prepare well, as they may ask a lot of questions. Colleagues normally use the family names, and title - for example 'Doctor' or 'Professor', so you shouldn't use first names (35) _______ a person asks you to.

Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership (30)................emphasizes the collective well-being of a social group’s members.

It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have (28) ______ common; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 26 to 30.

According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may be recognized as the leader of a social group in the United States. In the family, traditional cultural patterns confer leadership on one or both of the parents. In other cases, such as friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually (26) ______ as leaders, although there is no formal process of selection. In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment.

            (27) ______ of the common belief that leaders are people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce consistent evidence that there is any category of “natural leaders”. It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have (28) ______ common; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group.

Furthermore, although it is commonly supposed that social groups have a single leader, research suggests that there are (29) ______ two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to “get things done”. Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership (30) emphasizes the collective well-being of a social group’s members.

People may find the transitory quality of much American life odd, for example, one (25)_______ rent art by the week or the entire furnishings of an apartment, from sofa and bed to the last spoon, on less than eight hours’ notice. “Package”

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 21 to 25.

Many American customs will surprise you; the same thing happens to us when we (21)_______ another country. People from various cultures handle many small daily things differently. What a dull world it (22)_______ be if this were not true! Some differences are minor, and people soon become accustomed to them. At (23)_______ , for example, some foreign women may be startled at the idea of (24)_______ their hair cut or styled by men. Visitors maybe amazed to see men wearing wigs. People may find the transitory quality of much American life odd, for example, one (25)_______ rent art by the week or the entire furnishings of an apartment, from sofa and bed to the last spoon, on less than eight hours’ notice. “Package”

(20) _____ the government starts to give other tax incentives to working parents, she says she will not return to the workplace until her children are grown up.