Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

When corals are mentioned, many people think of rock-life forms in the sea filled with colorful fish. But corals are made up of hundreds of thousands of small organisms which live and feed like any other sea life. For the past five years, researchers in Hawaii and Australia have been engineering corals inside a lab to see if they could better resist the effects of climate change. They say it is now time to see how their creations perform in nature. The scientists say climate change linked to human causes has led to warming oceans that can harm sea life. They say if the more heat-resistant corals they developed do well in the ocean, the method can be used to help save suffering and dying reefs.

The team tested three methods for making corals that would be strong and healthy in nature. One was the method of selective breeding. This method involves scientists choosing parents with desirable characteristics for reproductive purposes. A second method subjected the corals to increasing temperatures to condition them to be able to survive in warm ocean environments. The third involved making changes to the algae that provide corals with necessary nutrients. The leader of the project, University of Hawaii researcher Kira Hughes, said all the methods proved successful in the lab. She told The Associated Press that some scientists might worry that such methods go against the natural processes of nature. But with the planet continuing to warm more and more, she does not see any better options.

"We have to intervene in order to make a change for coral reefs to survive into the future," Hughes said. When ocean temperatures rise, corals release algae that supplies nutrients and gives them color. This causes them to turn white, a process called bleaching. When this happens, corals can quickly become sick and die. But for years, scientists have been observing corals that have survived bleaching, even when others have died on the same reef. They are now centering on those healthy survivors and hoping to further increase their resistance to heat. Those corals were used as the parents for the newly created kinds.

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Retailers have taken to the ecommerce world because________.

She's a bit down in the dumps because she has to take her exam again.

He _______ three books and he is working on another one.

When the boss came into the office, his secretary______, and the accountant_____ on the phone.

Physical appearance and intellect are insufficient foundation for effective______ relationships.

We teach children how to deal with cyberbullying and the safe use of chat rooms and________.

Keeping goals clear and focused is a good way for managers to help their employees to work_______.

The car_________ to William for four years before Harper______ it last week.

Garlic was once thought to_______ people against evil spirits.

The overall aim of the book is to help bridge the gap between theory and practice, particularly in language teaching.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges.

In present-day business, entrepreneurs were taking fewer risks than their predecessors a century ago.

According to paragraph 4, which of the following was the reason why more people bought new TV sets?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 46 to 50.

Broadcasting, perhaps the greatest invention of the last century, has come a long way; and the BBC is one of the most important and trusted broadcasters in the world today.

The British Broadcasting Company was established in 1922. Four years later, it changed its name to the British Broadcasting Corporation, better known as the BBC. It was not the world's first radio station. There had already been public radio broadcasts in Britain before 1920.

From the beginning the BBC was a public service radio, but also an independent operator. In the early days of BBC radio, there was not a lot of news on the radio. There were music, drama, discussions and children's programs; but news was not broadcast until after 7 p.m., to avoid competition with the newspapers!

In 1936 the BBC began the world's first television service. Only a few thousand people in London could receive those first flickering images. Nevertheless, people liked what they saw, and as the number of transmitters increased, more and more people went out to buy new television sets. In 1937, tennis was broadcast from Wimbledon for the first time. Then in 1938, football's Cup Final could be seen, live, by hundreds of thousands of people for the first time ever. Since 1946, the BBC has become one of Britain's most famous institutions. Today it has several national television channels, lots of radio channels and a growing number of international services.

(Adapted from https://linguapress.com)