Only after the teacher ________ the procedure clearly were the students allowed to go ahead with the experiment. (explain)

Read the following passage and choose the correct word or phrase provided from the box that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

founded ;found  ;conveys ;imparts ;directly

attention ;attendance ;than ;since  ;closely

Although speech is the most advanced form of communication, there are many ways of communicating without using speech. Signals, signs, symbols and gestures may be (25) ________ in every known culture. The basic function of a signal is to impinge upon the environment in such a way that it attracts (26) ________ , as, for example, the dots and dashes that can be applied in a telegraph circuit. Coded to refer to speech, the potential for communication through these dots and dashes is very great. Less adaptable to the codification of words, signs also contain agreed upon meaning. Two examples are the hexagonal red sign that (27) ________ the meaning of stop, and the red and white swirled pole outside a shop that communicates the meaning of barber. Symbols are more difficult to describe (28) ________ either signals or signs because of their intricate relationship with the receiver’s culture perceptions. In some cultures, applauding in a theatre encourages performers with an auditory symbol of approval. In other cultures, if done in unison, applauding can be a symbol of the audience’s discontent with the performance. Gestures such as waving and handshaking also communicate certain cultural messages.

Although signals, signs, symbols and gestures are very useful, they do have a major disadvantage. They usually do not allow ideas to be shared without the sender being (29) ________ adjacent to the receiver. As a result, means of communication intended to be used for long distances and extended periods must be based on speech.

According to the passage, what do the teenage boys do at Eunoto?

The word "alter" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to .

According to paragraph 3, the Osingira is built by .

The Masai rite of passage

There are many African tribes but, for many people, the Masai are the most well-known. They are famous for their bright red clothing and their ceremonies with lots of music and dancing. Probably, one of the most colorful ceremonies is the festival of "Eunoto" when the teenage boys of the Masai become men.

Eunoto lasts for many days and Masai people travel across the region to get to a special place near the border between Kenya and Tanzania. The teenage boys who travel with them are called "warriors" . This is a traditional name from the past when young men fought with other tribes.

At the beginning of the ceremony, the teenagers paint their bodies while their mothers start to build a place called the "Osingira ", a sacred room in the middle of the celebrations. Later, the senior elders from different tribes will sit inside this place and, at different times, the boys go inside to meet them. Later in the day, the boys run around the Osingira, going faster and faster each time.

The teenagers also have to alter their appearance at Eunoto. Masai boys' hair is very long before the ritual but they have to cut it off. In Masai culture, hair is an important symbol. For example, when a baby grows into an infant, the mother cuts the child's hair and gives the child a name. At a Masai wedding, the hair of the bride is also cut off as she becomes a woman. And so, at Eunoto, the teenage boy's mother cuts his hair off at sunrise.

On the final day, the teenagers meet the senior elders one more time. They get this advice: "Now you are men, use your heads and knowledge." Then, people start to travel back to their homes and lands. The teenagers are no longer warriors. They are adult men and now they will get married and have children. Later in life, they will be the leaders of their communities.

What is the passage mainly about?

Waiter: “How do you like your steak done?” - Diner: “________”

Alfonso: “I had a really good time. Thanks for the lovely evening.” - Maria: “_________”

She wanted to know what had he done before working for her company.

When we will finish our final exam next month, we are going to visit our grandparents.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

Do you think the generation ________ between parents and teenagers is getting wider?

My mother takes the responsibility_______ running the household.

Could you _________ me a hand with the washing-up, Kent ?

She wanted to know _______.

I didn’t pay attention to the teacher. I failed to understand the lesson.

She is a very generous old woman. She has given most of her wealth to a charity organization.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

Taking piano lessons and solving math puzzles on a computer significantly improve specific math skills of elementary schoolchildren, according to a new study. The results, (36)______ were published in the journal Neurological Research, are the latest in a series that links musical training to the development of higher brain functions.

Researchers worked with 135 second-grade students at a school in Los Angeles after (37)______ a pilot study with 102 students. Children that were given four months (38)______ piano training as well as time playing with newly designed computer software scored 27 percent higher on math and fraction tests than other children.

Piano instruction is thought to enhance the brain's "hard wiring" for spatial-temporal reasoning, or the ability to visualise and (39)______ objects in space and time, says Professor Gordon Shaw, who led the study. At the same time, the computer game allows children to solve geometric and math puzzles that boost their ability to manipulate shapes in their mind.

The findings are significant (40)______ a grasp of proportional math and fractions is a prerequisite to math at higher levels, and children who do not master these areas of math cannot understand more advanced math that is critical to high-tech fields.

(Adapted from "Eye on Editing 2" by Joyce S. Cain)

The major goal of primary education are to achieve basic literacy and numeracy among all students.

Our continuously economic grow, the maintenance of our quality of life and assurance of our security all depend on an abundant, affordable supply of electricity.

It is firmly believed that books are a primary means for disseminating knowledge and information.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.