Câu hỏi:
20/07/2024 1,211
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 44 to 50
If you go back far enough, everything lived in the sea. At various points in evolutionary history, enterprising individuals within many different animal groups moved out onto the land, sometimes even to the most parched deserts, taking their own private seawater with them in blood and cellular fluids. In addition to the reptiles, birds, mammals and insects which we see all around us, other groups that have succeeded out of water include scorpions, snails, crustaceans such as woodlice and land crabs, millipedes and centipedes, spiders and various worms. And we mustn’t forget the plants, without whose prior invasion of the land, none of the other migrations could have happened.
Moving from water to land involved a major redesign of every aspect of life, including breathing and reproduction. Nevertheless, a good number of thoroughgoing land animals later turned around, abandoned their hard-earned terrestrial re-tooling, and returned to the water again. Seals have only gone part way back. They show us what the intermediates might have been like, on the way to extreme cases such as whales and dugongs. Whales (including the small whales we call dolphins) and dugongs, with their close cousins, the manatees, ceased to be land creatures altogether and reverted to the full marine habits of their remote ancestors. They don’t even come ashore to breed. They do, however, still breathe air, having never developed anything equivalent to the gills of their earlier marine incarnation. Turtles went back to the sea a very long time ago and, like all vertebrate returnees to the water, they breathe air. However, they are, in one respect, less fully given back to the water than whales or dugongs, for turtles still lay their eggs on beaches.
There is evidence that all modem turtles are descended from a terrestrial ancestor which lived before most of the dinosaurs. There are two key fossils called Proganochelys quenstedti and Palaeochersis talampayensis dating from early dinosaur times, which appear to be close to the ancestry of all modem turtles and tortoise. You might wonder how we can tell whether fossil animals lived in land or in water, especially if only fragments are found. Sometimes it’s obvious. Ichthyosaurs were reptilian contemporaries of the dinosaurs, with fins and streamlined bodies. The fossils look like dolphins and they surely lived like dolphins, in the water. With turtles it is a little less obvious. One way to tell is by measuring the bones of their forelimbs.
Which of the following best serves as the main idea for the passage?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 44 to 50
If you go back far enough, everything lived in the sea. At various points in evolutionary history, enterprising individuals within many different animal groups moved out onto the land, sometimes even to the most parched deserts, taking their own private seawater with them in blood and cellular fluids. In addition to the reptiles, birds, mammals and insects which we see all around us, other groups that have succeeded out of water include scorpions, snails, crustaceans such as woodlice and land crabs, millipedes and centipedes, spiders and various worms. And we mustn’t forget the plants, without whose prior invasion of the land, none of the other migrations could have happened.
Moving from water to land involved a major redesign of every aspect of life, including breathing and reproduction. Nevertheless, a good number of thoroughgoing land animals later turned around, abandoned their hard-earned terrestrial re-tooling, and returned to the water again. Seals have only gone part way back. They show us what the intermediates might have been like, on the way to extreme cases such as whales and dugongs. Whales (including the small whales we call dolphins) and dugongs, with their close cousins, the manatees, ceased to be land creatures altogether and reverted to the full marine habits of their remote ancestors. They don’t even come ashore to breed. They do, however, still breathe air, having never developed anything equivalent to the gills of their earlier marine incarnation. Turtles went back to the sea a very long time ago and, like all vertebrate returnees to the water, they breathe air. However, they are, in one respect, less fully given back to the water than whales or dugongs, for turtles still lay their eggs on beaches.
There is evidence that all modem turtles are descended from a terrestrial ancestor which lived before most of the dinosaurs. There are two key fossils called Proganochelys quenstedti and Palaeochersis talampayensis dating from early dinosaur times, which appear to be close to the ancestry of all modem turtles and tortoise. You might wonder how we can tell whether fossil animals lived in land or in water, especially if only fragments are found. Sometimes it’s obvious. Ichthyosaurs were reptilian contemporaries of the dinosaurs, with fins and streamlined bodies. The fossils look like dolphins and they surely lived like dolphins, in the water. With turtles it is a little less obvious. One way to tell is by measuring the bones of their forelimbs.
Which of the following best serves as the main idea for the passage?
A. The relationship between terrestrial species and marine creatures.
B. The reasons why species had to change their living place.
C. The evidences of the time marine animals moved to land.
D. The evolution of marine species in changing places to live.
Trả lời:
Đáp án D
Theo các dẫn chứng bài văn cung cấp, ta thấy:
- If you go back far enough, everything lived in the sea. At various points in evolutionary history, enterprising individuals within many different animal groups moved out onto the land, sometimes even to the most parched deserts, taking their own private seawater with them in blood and cellular fluids.
- Moving from water to land involved a major redesign of every aspect of life, including breathing and reproduction.
Dịch nghĩa:
Đọc đoạn văn sau và đánh dấu chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D trên phiếu trả lời của bạn để chỉ ra câu trả lời đúng cho mỗi câu hỏi từ 44 đến 50
Nếu bạn quay trở lại đủ xa, mọi thứ đều sống ở biển. Tại nhiều thời điểm khác nhau trong lịch sử tiến hóa, những cá thể dám nghĩ dám làm trong nhiều nhóm động vật khác nhau đã di cư lên đất liền, đôi khi thậm chí đến những sa mạc khô cằn nhất, mang theo nước biển riêng của mình trong máu và dịch tế bào. Ngoài các loài bò sát, chim, động vật có vú và côn trùng mà chúng ta thấy xung quanh mình, các nhóm khác đã thành công ngoài nước bao gồm bọ cạp, ốc sên, động vật giáp xác như rận gỗ và cua đất, động vật nhiều chân và rết, nhện và nhiều loài giun khác nhau. Và chúng ta không được quên các loài thực vật, nếu không có sự xâm chiếm đất liền trước đó thì sẽ không có cuộc di cư nào khác có thể xảy ra.
Việc di chuyển từ nước lên cạn liên quan đến việc thiết kế lại mọi khía cạnh của cuộc sống, bao gồm cả hô hấp và sinh sản. Tuy nhiên, một số lượng lớn động vật trên cạn sau đó đã quay lại, từ bỏ công cụ tái tạo trên cạn khó kiếm được và quay trở lại dưới nước. Hải cẩu chỉ mới đi được một phần đường. Chúng cho chúng ta thấy những chất trung gian có thể như thế nào, trên đường đến những trường hợp cực đoan như cá voi và cá nược. Cá voi (bao gồm cả cá voi nhỏ mà chúng ta gọi là cá heo) và cá nược, cùng với họ hàng gần gũi của chúng là lợn biển, đã không còn là sinh vật trên cạn hoàn toàn và quay trở lại thói quen sống dưới biển đầy đủ của tổ tiên xa xưa của chúng. Chúng thậm chí còn không lên bờ để sinh sản. Tuy nhiên, chúng vẫn hít thở không khí và chưa bao giờ phát triển bất cứ thứ gì tương đương với mang của lần tái sinh dưới biển trước đó. Rùa đã quay trở lại biển cách đây rất lâu và giống như tất cả các loài động vật có xương sống trở về nước, chúng hít thở không khí. Tuy nhiên, ở một khía cạnh nào đó, chúng ít được trả lại nước hoàn toàn hơn cá voi hoặc cá nược, vì rùa vẫn đẻ trứng trên bãi biển.
Có bằng chứng cho thấy tất cả loài rùa hiện đại đều có nguồn gốc từ tổ tiên trên cạn sống trước hầu hết các loài khủng long. Có hai hóa thạch quan trọng được gọi là Proganochelys quenstedti và Palaeochersis talampayensis có niên đại từ thời kỳ đầu khủng long, dường như gần với tổ tiên của tất cả các loài rùa và rùa hiện đại. Bạn có thể thắc mắc làm thế nào chúng ta có thể biết được động vật hóa thạch sống ở trên cạn hay dưới nước, đặc biệt nếu chỉ tìm thấy những mảnh vỡ. Đôi khi điều đó là hiển nhiên. Ichthyosaur là loài bò sát cùng thời với khủng long, có vây và thân hình thon gọn. Các hóa thạch trông giống cá heo và chắc chắn chúng sống như cá heo dưới nước. Với rùa thì điều đó ít rõ ràng hơn một chút. Một cách để nhận biết là bằng cách đo xương chi trước của chúng.
Điều nào sau đây đóng vai trò tốt nhất làm ý chính cho đoạn văn?
A. Mối quan hệ giữa loài sống trên cạn và sinh vật biển.
B. Nguyên nhân các loài phải thay đổi nơi sống.
C. Bằng chứng về thời kỳ động vật biển di cư lên cạn.
D. Sự tiến hóa của các loài sinh vật biển khi thay đổi nơi sinh sống.
CÂU HỎI HOT CÙNG CHỦ ĐỀ
Câu 1:
Rapid ________ happened during the period of industrialization in Europe and North America the 19th and early 20" centuries.
Câu 4:
The number of rare animals is decreasing so rapidly, ________ ?
Câu 7:
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
Câu 9:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 34 to 38.
CITIES GOING GREEN
As more and more people concentrate in cities, planners are looking for ways to transform cities into better living spaces, (34) ________ can be done by improving existing infrastructure while also creating more public (35) ________ that are both beautiful and green. This can be hard to accomplish, especially in cities with a haphazard fashion. Some cities have been created with the idea of a green city as the goal.
One such city, Masdar City in the United Arab Emirates, aims to become a model for (36) ________ cities to follow. It is being known as a truly green city that relies strictly on renewable sources such as solar energy to provide all of its energy needs. (37) ________ , it will be a zero waste city in which everything that is used can be recycled. Whether it will truly (38) ________ its goal remains to be seen, but it will also act as an experiment for environmentally friendly areas to be tested.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 34 to 38.
CITIES GOING GREEN
As more and more people concentrate in cities, planners are looking for ways to transform cities into better living spaces, (34) ________ can be done by improving existing infrastructure while also creating more public (35) ________ that are both beautiful and green. This can be hard to accomplish, especially in cities with a haphazard fashion. Some cities have been created with the idea of a green city as the goal.
One such city, Masdar City in the United Arab Emirates, aims to become a model for (36) ________ cities to follow. It is being known as a truly green city that relies strictly on renewable sources such as solar energy to provide all of its energy needs. (37) ________ , it will be a zero waste city in which everything that is used can be recycled. Whether it will truly (38) ________ its goal remains to be seen, but it will also act as an experiment for environmentally friendly areas to be tested.
Câu 10:
Whether it will truly (38) ________ its goal remains to be seen, but it will also act as an experiment for environmentally friendly areas to be tested.
Whether it will truly (38) ________ its goal remains to be seen, but it will also act as an experiment for environmentally friendly areas to be tested.
Câu 11:
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
Câu 13:
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Câu 14:
He was too wet behind the ears to be in charge of such a difficult task.
He was too wet behind the ears to be in charge of such a difficult task.